211 lines
5.7 KiB
Groff
211 lines
5.7 KiB
Groff
.\" $KAME: traceroute6.8,v 1.10 2004/06/06 12:35:15 suz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd November 25, 2020
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.Dt TRACEROUTE6 8
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.Os
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.\"
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm traceroute6
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.Nd "print the route IPv6 packets will take to a network node"
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.\"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl adIlnNrSTUv
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl f Ar firsthop
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl g Ar gateway
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl m Ar hoplimit
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl p Ar port
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl q Ar probes
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl s Ar src
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl t Ar tclass
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl w Ar waittime
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl A Ar as_server
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Ar target
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.Op Ar datalen
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.Ek
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.\"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility
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uses the IPv6 protocol hop limit field to elicit an ICMPv6 TIME_EXCEEDED
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response from each gateway along the path to some host.
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.Pp
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The only mandatory parameter is the destination host name or IPv6 address.
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The default probe datagram carries 20 bytes of payload,
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in addition to the IPv6 header.
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The size of the payload can be specified by giving a length
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(in bytes)
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after the destination host name.
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.Pp
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Other options are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl a
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Turn on AS# lookups for each hop encountered.
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.It Fl A Ar as_server
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Turn on AS# lookups and use the given server instead of the default.
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.It Fl d
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Debug mode.
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.It Fl f Ar firsthop
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Specify how many hops to skip in trace.
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.It Fl g Ar gateway
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Specify intermediate gateway.
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Please note that
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.Nm
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tries to use routing headers.
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.It Fl I
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Use ICMP6 ECHO instead of UDP datagrams.
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.It Fl l
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Print both host hostnames and numeric addresses.
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Normally
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.Nm
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prints only hostnames if
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.Fl n
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is not specified, and only numeric addresses if
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.Fl n
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is specified.
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.It Fl m Ar hoplimit
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Specify maximum hoplimit, up to 255.
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The default is the value of the
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.Va net.inet6.ip6.hlim
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.Xr sysctl 8
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(the same default used for TCP connections).
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.It Fl n
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Do not resolve numeric address to hostname.
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.It Fl N
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Use a packet with no upper layer header for the probes,
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instead of UDP datagrams.
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.It Fl p Ar port
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Set SCTP/TCP/UDP port number to
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.Ar port .
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.It Fl q Ar probes
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Set the number of probe per hop count to
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.Ar probes .
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.It Fl r
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Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host
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on an attached network.
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If the host is not on a directly-connected network,
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an error is returned.
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This option corresponds to the
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.Dv SO_DONTROUTE
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socket option;
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it can be used to ping a local host through an interface
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that has no route through it
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(e.g., after the interface was dropped by a routing daemon).
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.It Fl s Ar src
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.Ar Src
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specifies the source IPv6 address to be used.
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.It Fl S
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Use SCTP packets for the probes.
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The size of probe packets must be a multiple of 4.
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If
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.Ar datalen
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is up to 28, probe packets consist of a SHUTDOWN-ACK chunk possibly bundled
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with a PAD chunk.
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For larger probe packets, an INIT chunk is used.
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.It Fl t Ar tclass
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.Ar tclass
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specifies the
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.Em traffic class
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used when sending probe packets.
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The value must be a decimal integer in the range 0 to 255.
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The default is 0.
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.It Fl T
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Use TCP segments for the probes.
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.It Fl U
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Use UDP datagrams for the probes.
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This is the default.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose.
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.It Fl w Ar waittime
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Specify the delay time between probes.
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.El
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.Pp
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This program prints the route to the given destination and the round-trip
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time to each gateway, in the same manner as traceroute.
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.Pp
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Here is a list of possible annotations after the round-trip time for each gateway:
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.Bl -hang -offset indent
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.It !N
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Destination Unreachable - No Route to Host.
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.It !P
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Destination Unreachable - Administratively Prohibited.
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.It !S
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Destination Unreachable - Not a Neighbour.
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.It !A
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Destination Unreachable - Address Unreachable.
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.It !H
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Parameter Problem - Unrecognized Next Header Type.
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.It !\&
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This is printed if the hop limit is <= 1 on a port unreachable message.
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This means that the packet got to the destination,
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but that the reply had a hop limit that was just large enough to
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allow it to get back to the source of the traceroute6.
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This was more interesting in the IPv4 case,
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where some IP stack bugs could be identified by this behaviour.
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.El
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.\"
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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The
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.Nm
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utility will exit with 0 on success, and non-zero on errors.
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.\"
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ping 8 ,
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.Xr traceroute 8
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.\"
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility first appeared in WIDE hydrangea IPv6 protocol stack kit.
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