305 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
305 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\"-
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.\" Copyright (c) 1997 SigmaSoft, Th. Lockert
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by SigmaSoft, Th. Lockert.
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.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\" $OpenBSD: cpio.1,v 1.16 2001/05/01 17:58:01 aaron Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd February 16, 1997
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.Dt CPIO 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm cpio
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.Nd copy file archives in and out
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Fl o
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.Op Fl aABcLvzZ
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.Op Fl C Ar bytes
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.Op Fl F Ar archive
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.Op Fl H Ar format
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.Op Fl O Ar archive
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.No < Ar name-list
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.Op No > Ar archive
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.Nm
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.Fl i
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.Op Fl bBcdfmrsStuvzZ6
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.Op Fl C Ar bytes
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.Op Fl E Ar file
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.Op Fl F Ar archive
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.Op Fl H Ar format
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.Op Fl I Ar archive
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.Op Ar pattern ...
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.Op No < Ar archive
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.Nm
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.Fl p
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.Op Fl adlLmuv
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.Ar destination-directory
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.No < Ar name-list
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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command copies files to and from a
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.Nm
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archive.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl o
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Create an archive.
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Reads the list of files to store in the
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archive from standard input, and writes the archive on standard
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output.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl a
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Reset the access times on files that have been copied to the
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archive.
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.It Fl A
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Append to the specified archive.
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.It Fl B
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Set block size of output to 5120 bytes.
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.It Fl c
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Use
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.Tn ASCII
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format for
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.Nm
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header for portability.
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.It Fl C Ar bytes
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Set the block size of output to
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.Ar bytes .
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.It Fl F Ar archive
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.It Fl O Ar archive
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Use the specified file name as the archive to write to.
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.It Fl H Ar format
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Write the archive in the specified format.
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Recognized formats are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width sv4cpio -compact
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.It Cm bcpio
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Old binary
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm cpio
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Old octal character
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm sv4cpio
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.Tn SVR4
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hex
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm tar
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Old tar format.
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.It Cm ustar
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.Tn POSIX
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ustar format.
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.El
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.It Fl L
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Follow symbolic links.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose about operations.
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List filenames as they are written to the archive.
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.It Fl z
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Compress archive using
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.Xr gzip 1
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format.
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.It Fl Z
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Compress archive using
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.Xr compress 1
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format.
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.El
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.It Fl i
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Restore files from an archive.
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Reads the archive file from
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standard input and extracts files matching the
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.Ar patterns
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that were specified on the command line.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl b
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Do byte and word swapping after reading in data from the
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archive, for restoring archives created on systems with
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a different byte order.
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.It Fl B
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Set the block size of the archive being read to 5120 bytes.
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.It Fl c
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Expect the archive headers to be in
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.Tn ASCII
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format.
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.It Fl C Ar bytes
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Read archive written with a block size of
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.Ar bytes .
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.It Fl d
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Create any intermediate directories as needed during
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restore.
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.It Fl E Ar file
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Read list of file name patterns to extract or list from
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.Ar file .
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.It Fl f
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Restore all files except those matching the
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.Ar patterns
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given on the command line.
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.It Fl F Ar archive , Fl I Ar archive
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Use the specified file as the input for the archive.
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.It Fl H Ar format
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Read an archive of the specified format.
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Recognized formats are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width sv4cpio -compact
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.It Cm bcpio
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Old binary
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm cpio
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Old octal character
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm sv4cpio
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.Tn SVR4
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hex
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.Nm
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format.
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.It Cm tar
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Old tar format.
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.It Cm ustar
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.Tn POSIX
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ustar format.
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.El
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.It Fl m
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Restore modification times on files.
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.It Fl r
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Rename restored files interactively.
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.It Fl s
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Swap bytes after reading data from the archive.
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.It Fl S
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Swap words after reading data from the archive.
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.It Fl t
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Only list the contents of the archive, no files or
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directories will be created.
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.It Fl u
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Overwrite files even when the file in the archive is
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older than the one that will be overwritten.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose about operations.
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List filenames as they are copied in from the archive.
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.It Fl z
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Uncompress archive using
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.Xr gzip 1
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format.
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.It Fl Z
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Uncompress archive using
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.Xr compress 1
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format.
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.It Fl 6
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Process old-style
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.Nm
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format archives.
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.El
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.It Fl p
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Copy files from one location to another in a single pass.
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The list of files to copy are read from standard input and
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written out to a directory relative to the specified
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.Ar directory
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argument.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl a
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Reset the access times on files that have been copied.
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.It Fl d
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Create any intermediate directories as needed to write
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the files at the new location.
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.It Fl l
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When possible, link files rather than creating an
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extra copy.
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.It Fl L
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Follow symbolic links.
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.It Fl m
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Restore modification times on files.
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.It Fl u
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Overwrite files even when the original file being copied is
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older than the one that will be overwritten.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose about operations.
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List filenames as they are copied.
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.El
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.El
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Bl -tag -width TMPDIR
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.It Ev TMPDIR
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Path in which to store temporary files.
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.El
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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The
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.Nm
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utility will exit with one of the following values:
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.Bl -tag -width 2n
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.It 0
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All files were processed successfully.
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.It 1
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An error occurred.
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.El
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.Pp
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Whenever
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.Nm
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cannot create a file or a link when extracting an archive or cannot
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find a file while writing an archive, or cannot preserve the user
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ID, group ID, file mode, or access and modification times when the
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.Fl p
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option is specified, a diagnostic message is written to standard
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error and a non-zero exit value will be returned, but processing
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will continue.
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In the case where
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.Nm
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cannot create a link to a file,
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.Nm
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will not create a second copy of the file.
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.Pp
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If the extraction of a file from an archive is prematurely terminated
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by a signal or error,
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.Nm
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may have only partially extracted the file the user wanted.
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Additionally, the file modes of extracted files and directories may
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have incorrect file bits, and the modification and access times may
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be wrong.
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.Pp
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If the creation of an archive is prematurely terminated by a signal
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or error,
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.Nm
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may have only partially created the archive which may violate the
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specific archive format specification.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr pax 1 ,
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.Xr tar 1
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Keith Muller
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at the University of California, San Diego.
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fl s
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and
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.Fl S
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options are currently not implemented.
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