111 lines
3.7 KiB
Groff
111 lines
3.7 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)adduser.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd January 30, 2009
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.Dt ADDING_USER 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm adding_user
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.Nd procedure for adding new users
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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A new user must choose a login name, which must not already appear in
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.Pa /etc/passwd
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or
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.Pa /etc/mail/aliases .
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It must also not begin with the hyphen
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.Sq Fl
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character.
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It is strongly recommended that it be all lower-case, and not contain
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the dot
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.Ql .\&
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character, as that tends to confuse mailers.
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An account can be added by editing a line into the passwd file; this
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must be done with the password file locked e.g.\& by using
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.Xr chpass 1
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or
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.Xr vipw 8 .
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.Pp
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A new user is given a group and user id.
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Login and user id's should be unique across the system, and often across
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a group of systems, since they are used to control file access.
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Typically, users working on similar projects will be put in the same groups.
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At the University of California, Berkeley, we have groups for system staff,
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faculty, graduate students, and special groups for large projects.
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.Pp
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A skeletal account for a new user
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.Dq ernie
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might look like:
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.Bd -literal
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ernie::25:30::0:0:Ernie Kovacs,508 Evans Hall,x7925,
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642-8202:/a/users/ernie:/bin/csh
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.Ed
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.Pp
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For a description of each of these fields, see
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.Xr passwd 5 .
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.Pp
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It is useful to give new users some help in getting started, supplying
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them with a few skeletal files such as
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.Pa \&.profile
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if they use
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.Pa /bin/sh ,
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or
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.Pa \&.cshrc
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and
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.Pa \&.login
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if they use
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.Pa /bin/csh .
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The directory
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.Pa /usr/share/skel
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contains skeletal definitions of such files.
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New users should be given copies of these files which, for instance,
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use
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.Xr tset 1
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automatically at each login.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwdxx -compact
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.It Pa /etc/master.passwd
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user database
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.It Pa /usr/share/skel
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skeletal login directory
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr chpass 1 ,
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.Xr finger 1 ,
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.Xr passwd 1 ,
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.Xr aliases 5 ,
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.Xr passwd 5 ,
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.Xr adduser 8 ,
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.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
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.Xr vipw 8
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