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freebsd-skq/usr.sbin/makefs/ffs/mkfs.c
Pedro F. Giffuni 8a16b7a18f General further adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags. 
Mainly focus on files that use BSD 3-Clause license.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

Special thanks to Wind River for providing access to "The Duke of
Highlander" tool: an older (2014) run over FreeBSD tree was useful as a
starting point.
2017-11-20 19:49:47 +00:00

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/* $NetBSD: mkfs.c,v 1.22 2011/10/09 22:30:13 christos Exp $ */
/*-
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall
* Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security
* Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
* contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
* research program
*
* Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <util.h>
#include "makefs.h"
#include "ffs.h"
#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include "ffs/ufs_bswap.h"
#include "ffs/ufs_inode.h"
#include "ffs/ffs_extern.h"
#include "ffs/newfs_extern.h"
#ifndef BBSIZE
#define BBSIZE 8192 /* size of boot area, with label */
#endif
static void initcg(uint32_t, time_t, const fsinfo_t *);
static int ilog2(int);
static int count_digits(int);
/*
* make file system for cylinder-group style file systems
*/
#define UMASK 0755
#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0)
static union {
struct fs fs;
char pad[SBLOCKSIZE];
} fsun;
#define sblock fsun.fs
static union {
struct cg cg;
char pad[FFS_MAXBSIZE];
} cgun;
#define acg cgun.cg
static char *iobuf;
static int iobufsize;
static char writebuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE];
static int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
static int64_t fssize; /* file system size */
static int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
static int fsize; /* fragment size */
static int bsize; /* block size */
static int maxbsize; /* maximum clustering */
static int maxblkspercg;
static int minfree; /* free space threshold */
static int opt; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
static int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
static int maxcontig; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
static int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
static int bbsize; /* boot block size */
static int sbsize; /* superblock size */
static int avgfilesize; /* expected average file size */
static int avgfpdir; /* expected number of files per directory */
struct fs *
ffs_mkfs(const char *fsys, const fsinfo_t *fsopts, time_t tstamp)
{
int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg;
int32_t csfrags;
uint32_t i, cylno;
long long sizepb;
void *space;
int size;
int nprintcols, printcolwidth;
ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
Oflag = ffs_opts->version;
fssize = fsopts->size / fsopts->sectorsize;
sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize;
fsize = ffs_opts->fsize;
bsize = ffs_opts->bsize;
maxbsize = ffs_opts->maxbsize;
maxblkspercg = ffs_opts->maxblkspercg;
minfree = ffs_opts->minfree;
opt = ffs_opts->optimization;
density = ffs_opts->density;
maxcontig = ffs_opts->maxcontig;
maxbpg = ffs_opts->maxbpg;
avgfilesize = ffs_opts->avgfilesize;
avgfpdir = ffs_opts->avgfpdir;
bbsize = BBSIZE;
sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
strlcpy(sblock.fs_volname, ffs_opts->label, sizeof(sblock.fs_volname));
if (Oflag == 0) {
sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_42INODEFMT;
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = 0;
sblock.fs_old_flags = 0;
} else {
sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT;
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = (Oflag == 1 ? UFS1_MAXSYMLINKLEN :
UFS2_MAXSYMLINKLEN);
sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED;
sblock.fs_flags = 0;
}
/*
* Validate the given file system size.
* Verify that its last block can actually be accessed.
* Convert to file system fragment sized units.
*/
if (fssize <= 0) {
printf("preposterous size %lld\n", (long long)fssize);
exit(13);
}
ffs_wtfs(fssize - 1, sectorsize, (char *)&sblock, fsopts);
/*
* collect and verify the filesystem density info
*/
sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize;
sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfpdir;
if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0)
printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n",
sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14);
if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0)
printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n",
sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15);
/*
* collect and verify the block and fragment sizes
*/
sblock.fs_bsize = bsize;
sblock.fs_fsize = fsize;
if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) {
printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize);
exit(16);
}
if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) {
printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize);
exit(17);
}
if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) {
printf("fragment size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize);
exit(18);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) {
printf("block size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE);
exit(19);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize > FFS_MAXBSIZE) {
printf("block size %d is too large, maximum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, FFS_MAXBSIZE);
exit(19);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) {
printf("block size (%d) cannot be smaller than fragment size (%d)\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize);
exit(20);
}
if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
} else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
} else {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize;
}
sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig;
if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) {
sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
}
if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1)
sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG);
sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1);
sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1);
sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask;
sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask;
for (sblock.fs_bshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_bsize; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_bshift++;
for (sblock.fs_fshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_fsize; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_fshift++;
sblock.fs_frag = numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize);
for (sblock.fs_fragshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_frag; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_fragshift++;
if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) {
printf("fragment size %d is too small, "
"minimum with block size %d is %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize, sblock.fs_bsize,
sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG);
exit(21);
}
sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize);
sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_providersize = fssize =
dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize);
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS1_MAGIC;
sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1;
sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t);
sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode);
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((UFS_NDADDR + UFS_NIADDR) *
sizeof (ufs1_daddr_t));
sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT;
sblock.fs_old_cgoffset = 0;
sblock.fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff;
sblock.fs_old_size = sblock.fs_size;
sblock.fs_old_rotdelay = 0;
sblock.fs_old_rps = 60;
sblock.fs_old_nspf = sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize;
sblock.fs_old_cpg = 1;
sblock.fs_old_interleave = 1;
sblock.fs_old_trackskew = 0;
sblock.fs_old_cpc = 0;
sblock.fs_old_postblformat = 1;
sblock.fs_old_nrpos = 1;
} else {
sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS2_MAGIC;
sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2;
sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t);
sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode);
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((UFS_NDADDR + UFS_NIADDR) *
sizeof (ufs2_daddr_t));
if (ffs_opts->softupdates == 1)
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOSOFTDEP;
}
sblock.fs_sblkno =
roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_sblockloc + SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize),
sblock.fs_frag);
sblock.fs_cblkno = (daddr_t)(sblock.fs_sblkno +
roundup(howmany(SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), sblock.fs_frag));
sblock.fs_iblkno = sblock.fs_cblkno + sblock.fs_frag;
sblock.fs_maxfilesize = sblock.fs_bsize * UFS_NDADDR - 1;
for (sizepb = sblock.fs_bsize, i = 0; i < UFS_NIADDR; i++) {
sizepb *= NINDIR(&sblock);
sblock.fs_maxfilesize += sizepb;
}
/*
* Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group.
*
* This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder
* group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks
* in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once
* this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least
* 1 cylinder group. Once this goal is achieved, we pack as
* many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit.
*
* We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we
* can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce
* the density until it fits.
*/
origdensity = density;
for (;;) {
fragsperinode = MAX(numfrags(&sblock, density), 1);
minfpg = fragsperinode * INOPB(&sblock);
if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size)
minfpg = sblock.fs_size;
sblock.fs_ipg = INOPB(&sblock);
sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg)
sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
INOPB(&sblock));
sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg)
sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
INOPB(&sblock));
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
break;
density -= sblock.fs_fsize;
}
if (density != origdensity)
printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density);
if (maxblkspercg <= 0 || maxblkspercg >= fssize)
maxblkspercg = fssize - 1;
/*
* Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until
* it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups
* drops below 1, or we reach the size requested.
*/
for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) {
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
INOPB(&sblock));
if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < 1)
break;
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
continue;
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
break;
sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
INOPB(&sblock));
break;
}
/*
* Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks
* to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks
* per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more
* blocks into the last cylinder group.
*/
optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg;
for (;;) {
sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg);
lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) {
printf("Filesystem size %lld < minimum size of %d\n",
(long long)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg);
exit(28);
}
if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg ||
sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0)
break;
sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
INOPB(&sblock));
}
if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg)
printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n",
optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group");
sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock));
sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock);
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf;
sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc;
sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc;
sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg;
}
/*
* fill in remaining fields of the super block
*/
sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0);
sblock.fs_cssize =
fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum));
/*
* Setup memory for temporary in-core cylgroup summaries.
* Cribbed from ffs_mountfs().
*/
size = sblock.fs_cssize;
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0)
size += sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(int32_t);
space = ecalloc(1, size);
sblock.fs_csp = space;
space = (char *)space + sblock.fs_cssize;
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
int32_t *lp;
sblock.fs_maxcluster = lp = space;
for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++)
*lp++ = sblock.fs_contigsumsize;
}
sblock.fs_sbsize = fragroundup(&sblock, sizeof(struct fs));
if (sblock.fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE)
sblock.fs_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
sblock.fs_minfree = minfree;
sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig;
sblock.fs_maxbpg = maxbpg;
sblock.fs_optim = opt;
sblock.fs_cgrotor = 0;
sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0;
sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0;
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0;
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 0;
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = 0;
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 0;
sblock.fs_fmod = 0;
sblock.fs_ronly = 0;
sblock.fs_state = 0;
sblock.fs_clean = FS_ISCLEAN;
sblock.fs_ronly = 0;
sblock.fs_id[0] = tstamp;
sblock.fs_id[1] = random();
sblock.fs_fsmnt[0] = '\0';
csfrags = howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize);
sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_size - sblock.fs_sblkno -
sblock.fs_ncg * (sblock.fs_dblkno - sblock.fs_sblkno);
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree =
fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_dsize) -
howmany(csfrags, sblock.fs_frag);
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree =
fragnum(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) +
(fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) > 0 ?
sblock.fs_frag - fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) : 0);
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree =
sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg - UFS_ROOTINO;
sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0;
sblock.fs_dsize -= csfrags;
sblock.fs_time = tstamp;
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_old_time = tstamp;
sblock.fs_old_dsize = sblock.fs_dsize;
sblock.fs_old_csaddr = sblock.fs_csaddr;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
}
/*
* Dump out summary information about file system.
*/
#define B2MBFACTOR (1 / (1024.0 * 1024.0))
printf("%s: %.1fMB (%lld sectors) block size %d, "
"fragment size %d\n",
fsys, (float)sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR,
(long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size),
sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize);
printf("\tusing %d cylinder groups of %.2fMB, %d blks, "
"%d inodes.\n",
sblock.fs_ncg,
(float)sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR,
sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_frag, sblock.fs_ipg);
#undef B2MBFACTOR
/*
* Now determine how wide each column will be, and calculate how
* many columns will fit in a 76 char line. 76 is the width of the
* subwindows in sysinst.
*/
printcolwidth = count_digits(
fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg -1)));
nprintcols = 76 / (printcolwidth + 2);
/*
* allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and
* two sets of inode blocks.
*/
if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE)
iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize;
else
iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize;
iobuf = ecalloc(1, iobufsize);
/*
* Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be
* writing out in each cylinder group.
*/
memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize);
if (fsopts->needswap)
ffs_sb_swap(&sblock, (struct fs*)writebuf);
memcpy(iobuf, writebuf, SBLOCKSIZE);
printf("super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:");
for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++) {
initcg(cylno, tstamp, fsopts);
if (cylno % nprintcols == 0)
printf("\n");
printf(" %*lld,", printcolwidth,
(long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)));
fflush(stdout);
}
printf("\n");
/*
* Now construct the initial file system,
* then write out the super-block.
*/
sblock.fs_time = tstamp;
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
}
if (fsopts->needswap)
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_SWAPPED;
ffs_write_superblock(&sblock, fsopts);
return (&sblock);
}
/*
* Write out the superblock and its duplicates,
* and the cylinder group summaries
*/
void
ffs_write_superblock(struct fs *fs, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
int size, blks, i, saveflag;
uint32_t cylno;
void *space;
char *wrbuf;
saveflag = fs->fs_flags & FS_INTERNAL;
fs->fs_flags &= ~FS_INTERNAL;
memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize);
if (fsopts->needswap)
ffs_sb_swap(fs, (struct fs*)writebuf);
ffs_wtfs(fs->fs_sblockloc / sectorsize, sbsize, writebuf, fsopts);
/* Write out the duplicate super blocks */
for (cylno = 0; cylno < fs->fs_ncg; cylno++)
ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgsblock(fs, cylno)),
sbsize, writebuf, fsopts);
/* Write out the cylinder group summaries */
size = fs->fs_cssize;
blks = howmany(size, fs->fs_fsize);
space = (void *)fs->fs_csp;
wrbuf = emalloc(size);
for (i = 0; i < blks; i+= fs->fs_frag) {
size = fs->fs_bsize;
if (i + fs->fs_frag > blks)
size = (blks - i) * fs->fs_fsize;
if (fsopts->needswap)
ffs_csum_swap((struct csum *)space,
(struct csum *)wrbuf, size);
else
memcpy(wrbuf, space, (u_int)size);
ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, fs->fs_csaddr + i), size, wrbuf, fsopts);
space = (char *)space + size;
}
free(wrbuf);
fs->fs_flags |= saveflag;
}
/*
* Initialize a cylinder group.
*/
static void
initcg(uint32_t cylno, time_t utime, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
daddr_t cbase, dmax;
int32_t blkno;
uint32_t i, j, d, dlower, dupper;
struct ufs1_dinode *dp1;
struct ufs2_dinode *dp2;
int start;
/*
* Determine block bounds for cylinder group.
* Allow space for super block summary information in first
* cylinder group.
*/
cbase = cgbase(&sblock, cylno);
dmax = cbase + sblock.fs_fpg;
if (dmax > sblock.fs_size)
dmax = sblock.fs_size;
dlower = cgsblock(&sblock, cylno) - cbase;
dupper = cgdmin(&sblock, cylno) - cbase;
if (cylno == 0)
dupper += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize);
memset(&acg, 0, sblock.fs_cgsize);
acg.cg_time = utime;
acg.cg_magic = CG_MAGIC;
acg.cg_cgx = cylno;
acg.cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
acg.cg_initediblk = MIN(sblock.fs_ipg, 2 * INOPB(&sblock));
acg.cg_ndblk = dmax - cbase;
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0)
acg.cg_nclusterblks = acg.cg_ndblk >> sblock.fs_fragshift;
start = &acg.cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&acg.cg_firstfield);
if (Oflag == 2) {
acg.cg_iusedoff = start;
} else {
if (cylno == sblock.fs_ncg - 1)
acg.cg_old_ncyl = howmany(acg.cg_ndblk,
sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_old_cpg);
else
acg.cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg;
acg.cg_old_time = acg.cg_time;
acg.cg_time = 0;
acg.cg_old_niblk = acg.cg_niblk;
acg.cg_niblk = 0;
acg.cg_initediblk = 0;
acg.cg_old_btotoff = start;
acg.cg_old_boff = acg.cg_old_btotoff +
sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t);
acg.cg_iusedoff = acg.cg_old_boff +
sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t);
}
acg.cg_freeoff = acg.cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT);
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize <= 0) {
acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_freeoff +
howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT);
} else {
acg.cg_clustersumoff = acg.cg_freeoff +
howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT) - sizeof(int32_t);
acg.cg_clustersumoff =
roundup(acg.cg_clustersumoff, sizeof(int32_t));
acg.cg_clusteroff = acg.cg_clustersumoff +
(sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(int32_t);
acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_clusteroff +
howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT);
}
if (acg.cg_nextfreeoff > (uint32_t)sblock.fs_cgsize) {
printf("Panic: cylinder group too big\n");
exit(37);
}
acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree += sblock.fs_ipg;
if (cylno == 0)
for (i = 0; i < UFS_ROOTINO; i++) {
setbit(cg_inosused_swap(&acg, 0), i);
acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--;
}
if (cylno > 0) {
/*
* In cylno 0, beginning space is reserved
* for boot and super blocks.
*/
for (d = 0, blkno = 0; d < dlower;) {
ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno);
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0)
setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno);
acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++;
d += sblock.fs_frag;
blkno++;
}
}
if ((i = (dupper & (sblock.fs_frag - 1))) != 0) {
acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - i]++;
for (d = dupper + sblock.fs_frag - i; dupper < d; dupper++) {
setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), dupper);
acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++;
}
}
for (d = dupper, blkno = dupper >> sblock.fs_fragshift;
d + sblock.fs_frag <= acg.cg_ndblk; ) {
ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno);
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0)
setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno);
acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++;
d += sblock.fs_frag;
blkno++;
}
if (d < acg.cg_ndblk) {
acg.cg_frsum[acg.cg_ndblk - d]++;
for (; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d++) {
setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), d);
acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++;
}
}
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
int32_t *sump = cg_clustersum_swap(&acg, 0);
u_char *mapp = cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0);
int map = *mapp++;
int bit = 1;
int run = 0;
for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_nclusterblks; i++) {
if ((map & bit) != 0) {
run++;
} else if (run != 0) {
if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize)
run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize;
sump[run]++;
run = 0;
}
if ((i & (CHAR_BIT - 1)) != (CHAR_BIT - 1)) {
bit <<= 1;
} else {
map = *mapp++;
bit = 1;
}
}
if (run != 0) {
if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize)
run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize;
sump[run]++;
}
}
sblock.fs_cs(&sblock, cylno) = acg.cg_cs;
/*
* Write out the duplicate super block, the cylinder group map
* and two blocks worth of inodes in a single write.
*/
start = MAX(sblock.fs_bsize, SBLOCKSIZE);
memcpy(&iobuf[start], &acg, sblock.fs_cgsize);
if (fsopts->needswap)
ffs_cg_swap(&acg, (struct cg*)&iobuf[start], &sblock);
start += sblock.fs_bsize;
dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]);
dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]);
for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_initediblk; i++) {
if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
/* No need to swap, it'll stay random */
dp1->di_gen = random();
dp1++;
} else {
dp2->di_gen = random();
dp2++;
}
}
ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)), iobufsize, iobuf,
fsopts);
/*
* For the old file system, we have to initialize all the inodes.
*/
if (Oflag <= 1) {
for (i = 2 * sblock.fs_frag;
i < sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock);
i += sblock.fs_frag) {
dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]);
for (j = 0; j < INOPB(&sblock); j++) {
dp1->di_gen = random();
dp1++;
}
ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgimin(&sblock, cylno) + i),
sblock.fs_bsize, &iobuf[start], fsopts);
}
}
}
/*
* read a block from the file system
*/
void
ffs_rdfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
int n;
off_t offset;
offset = bno * fsopts->sectorsize + fsopts->offset;
if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
err(1, "%s: seek error for sector %lld", __func__,
(long long)bno);
n = read(fsopts->fd, bf, size);
if (n == -1) {
abort();
err(1, "%s: read error bno %lld size %d", __func__,
(long long)bno, size);
}
else if (n != size)
errx(1, "%s: read error for sector %lld", __func__,
(long long)bno);
}
/*
* write a block to the file system
*/
void
ffs_wtfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
int n;
off_t offset;
offset = bno * fsopts->sectorsize + fsopts->offset;
if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
err(1, "%s: seek error for sector %lld", __func__,
(long long)bno);
n = write(fsopts->fd, bf, size);
if (n == -1)
err(1, "%s: write error for sector %lld", __func__,
(long long)bno);
else if (n != size)
errx(1, "%s: write error for sector %lld", __func__,
(long long)bno);
}
/* Determine how many digits are needed to print a given integer */
static int
count_digits(int num)
{
int ndig;
for(ndig = 1; num > 9; num /=10, ndig++);
return (ndig);
}
static int
ilog2(int val)
{
u_int n;
for (n = 0; n < sizeof(n) * CHAR_BIT; n++)
if (1 << n == val)
return (n);
errx(1, "%s: %d is not a power of 2", __func__, val);
}
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