242 lines
8.0 KiB
Groff
242 lines
8.0 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Whistle Communications, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Subject to the following obligations and disclaimer of warranty, use and
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.\" redistribution of this software, in source or object code forms, with or
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.\" without modifications are expressly permitted by Whistle Communications;
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.\" provided, however, that:
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.\" 1. Any and all reproductions of the source or object code must include the
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.\" copyright notice above and the following disclaimer of warranties; and
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.\" 2. No rights are granted, in any manner or form, to use Whistle
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.\" Communications, Inc. trademarks, including the mark "WHISTLE
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.\" COMMUNICATIONS" on advertising, endorsements, or otherwise except as
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.\" such appears in the above copyright notice or in the software.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED BY WHISTLE COMMUNICATIONS "AS IS", AND
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.\" TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, WHISTLE COMMUNICATIONS MAKES NO
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.\" REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THIS SOFTWARE,
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.\" INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
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.\" WHISTLE COMMUNICATIONS DOES NOT WARRANT, GUARANTEE, OR MAKE ANY
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.\" REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OF, OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF THIS
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.\" SOFTWARE IN TERMS OF ITS CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY OR OTHERWISE.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL WHISTLE COMMUNICATIONS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" RESULTING FROM OR ARISING OUT OF ANY USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING
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.\" WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
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.\" PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
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.\" SERVICES, LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, HOWEVER CAUSED AND UNDER ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF WHISTLE COMMUNICATIONS IS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
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.\" OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" Author: Archie Cobbs <archie@FreeBSD.org>
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 23, 2011
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.Dt NG_ETHER 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ng_ether
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.Nd Ethernet netgraph node type
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In netgraph/ng_ether.h
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm ether
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netgraph node type allows Ethernet interfaces to interact with
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the
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.Xr netgraph 4
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networking subsystem.
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Once the
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.Nm
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module is loaded into the kernel, a node is automatically created
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for each Ethernet interface in the system.
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Each node will attempt to name itself with the same name
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as the associated interface.
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.Pp
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Three hooks are supported:
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.Va lower , upper ,
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and
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.Va orphans .
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The hook name
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.Va divert
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may be used as an alias for
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.Va lower ,
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and is provided for backward compatibility.
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In reality, the two names represent the same hook.
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.Pp
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The
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.Va lower
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hook is a connection to the raw Ethernet device.
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When connected, all incoming packets are forwarded to this hook,
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instead of being passed to the kernel for upper layer processing.
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Writing to this hook results in a raw Ethernet frame being transmitted
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by the device.
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Normal outgoing packets are not affected by
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.Va lower
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being connected.
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.Pp
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The
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.Va upper
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hook is a connection to the upper protocol layers.
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When connected, all outgoing packets are forwarded to this hook,
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instead of being transmitted by the device.
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Writing to this hook results in a raw Ethernet frame being received by
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the kernel just as if it had come in over the wire.
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Normal incoming packets are not affected by
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.Va upper
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being connected.
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.Pp
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The
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.Va orphans
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hook is equivalent to
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.Va lower ,
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except that only unrecognized packets (that would otherwise be discarded)
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are written to the hook, while other normal incoming traffic is unaffected.
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Unrecognized packets written to
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.Va upper
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will be forwarded back out to
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.Va orphans
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if connected.
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.Pp
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In all cases, frames are raw Ethernet frames with the standard
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14 byte Ethernet header (but no checksum).
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.Pp
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When no hooks are connected,
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.Va upper
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and
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.Va lower
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are in effect connected together,
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so that packets flow normally upwards and downwards.
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.Sh HOOKS
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This node type supports the following hooks:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va orphans"
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.It Va lower
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Connection to the lower device link layer.
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.It Va upper
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Connection to the upper protocol layers.
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.It Va orphans
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Like
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.Va lower ,
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but only receives unrecognized packets.
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.El
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.Sh CONTROL MESSAGES
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This node type supports the generic control messages, plus the following:
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.Bl -tag -width foo
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_GET_IFNAME Pq Ic getifname
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Returns the name of the associated interface as a
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.Dv NUL Ns -terminated
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.Tn ASCII
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string.
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Normally this is the same as the name of the node.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_GET_IFINDEX Pq Ic getifindex
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Returns the global index of the associated interface as a 32 bit integer.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_GET_ENADDR Pq Ic getenaddr
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Returns the device's unique six byte Ethernet address.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_SET_ENADDR Pq Ic setenaddr
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Sets the device's unique six byte Ethernet address.
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This control message is equivalent to using the
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.Dv SIOCSIFLLADDR
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.Xr ioctl 2
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system call.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_SET_PROMISC Pq Ic setpromisc
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Enable or disable promiscuous mode.
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This message includes a single 32 bit integer flag that enables or
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disables promiscuous mode on the interface.
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Any non-zero value enables promiscuous mode.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_GET_PROMISC Pq Ic getpromisc
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Get the current value of the node's promiscuous flag.
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The returned value is always either one or zero.
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Note that this flag reflects the node's own promiscuous setting
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and does not necessarily reflect the promiscuous state of the actual
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interface, which can be affected by other means (e.g.,
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.Xr bpf 4 ) .
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_SET_AUTOSRC Pq Ic setautosrc
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Sets the automatic source address override flag.
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This message includes a single 32 bit integer flag that causes
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all outgoing packets to have their source Ethernet
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address field overwritten with the device's unique Ethernet address.
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If this flag is set to zero, the source address in outgoing packets
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is not modified.
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The default setting for this flag is disabled.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_GET_AUTOSRC Pq Ic getautosrc
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Get the current value of the node's source address override flag.
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The returned value is always either one or zero.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_ADD_MULTI Pq Ic addmulti
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Join Ethernet multicast group.
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This control message is equivalent to using the
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.Dv SIOCADDMULTI
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.Xr ioctl 2
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system call.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_DEL_MULTI Pq Ic delmulti
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Leave Ethernet multicast group.
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This control message is equivalent to using the
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.Dv SIOCDELMULTI
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.Xr ioctl 2
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system call.
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.It Dv NGM_ETHER_DETACH Pq Ic detach
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Detach from underlying Ethernet interface and shut down node.
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.El
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.Sh SHUTDOWN
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Upon receipt of the
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.Dv NGM_SHUTDOWN
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control message, all hooks are disconnected, promiscuous mode is disabled,
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but the node is not removed.
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Node can be shut down only using
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.Dv NGM_ETHER_DETACH
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control message.
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If the interface itself is detached (e.g., because of PC Card removal), the
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node disappears as well.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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This command dumps all unrecognized packets received by the
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.Dq Li fxp0
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interface to standard output decoded in hex and
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.Tn ASCII :
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.Pp
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.Dl "nghook -a fxp0: orphans"
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.Pp
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This command sends the contents of
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.Pa sample.pkt
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out the interface
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.Dq Li fxp0 :
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.Pp
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.Dl "cat sample.pkt | nghook fxp0: orphans"
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.Pp
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These commands insert an
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.Xr ng_tee 4
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node between the
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.Va lower
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and
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.Va upper
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protocol layers, which can be used for
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tracing packet flow, statistics, etc.:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ngctl mkpeer fxp0: tee lower right
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ngctl connect fxp0: lower upper left
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr arp 4 ,
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.Xr netgraph 4 ,
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.Xr netintro 4 ,
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.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
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.Xr ngctl 8 ,
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.Xr nghook 8
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Julian Elischer Aq julian@FreeBSD.org
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.An Archie Cobbs Aq archie@FreeBSD.org
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.Sh BUGS
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The automatic KLD module loading mechanism that works for most
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other Netgraph node types does not work for the
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.Nm ether
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node type,
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because
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.Nm ether
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nodes are not created on demand; instead, they are created when
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Ethernet interfaces are attached or when the KLD is first loaded.
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Therefore, if the KLD is not statically compiled into the kernel,
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it is necessary to load the KLD manually in order to bring the
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.Nm ether
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nodes into existence.
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