419 lines
14 KiB
Groff
419 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 1999
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.\" Bill Paul <wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu>. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Bill Paul.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
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.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\" $OpenBSD: wi.4tbl,v 1.14 2002/04/29 19:53:50 jsyn Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd February 17, 2003
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.Dt WI 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm wi
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.Nd "Lucent Hermes, Intersil PRISM and Spectrum24 IEEE 802.11 driver"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "device wi"
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.Cd "device wlan"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver provides support for wireless network adapters based around
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the Lucent Hermes, Intersil PRISM-II, Intersil PRISM-2.5, Intersil
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Prism-3, and Symbol Spectrum24 chipsets.
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All five chipsets provide a similar interface to the driver.
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.Pp
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Supported features include 802.11 and 802.3 frames, power management, BSS,
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IBSS, WDS and old-style Lucent ad-hoc operation modes.
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Cards based on the Intersil PRISM chips also support a host-based
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access point mode which allows a card to act as a normal access point
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(with some assistance from the
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.Nm
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driver).
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The Lucent Hermes and Symbol Spectrum24 chipsets do not contain this
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functionality.
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The PRISM family of chips do not support the WDS functionality.
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All host/device interaction is via programmed I/O, even on those cards
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that support a DMA interface.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver encapsulates all IP and ARP traffic as 802.11 frames, however
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it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames.
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Transmit speed is selectable between 1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5 Mbps and 11Mbps
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depending on your hardware.
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Most hardware supports 11Mbps where the signal quality allows, but
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falls back to slower speeds when it does not.
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Except for the Lucent WaveLAN Bronze cards, all cards supported by the
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.Nm
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driver support WEP for encryption.
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To enable encryption, use
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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as shown below.
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.Pp
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By default, the
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.Nm
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driver configures the card for BSS operation (aka infrastructure
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mode).
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This mode requires the use of an access point (base station).
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver also supports a point-to-point mode
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where stations can communicate amongst themselves without the
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aid of an access point.
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Note that there are two possible point-to-point modes.
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One mode, referred to as
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.Dq "ad-hoc demo mode" ,
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or
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.Dq "legacy Lucent ad-hoc mode" ,
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predates the IEEE 802.11 specification and so may not interoperate
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with cards from different vendors.
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The standardized point-to-point mode is called IBSS (or confusingly
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just ad-hoc mode), but is not supported by cards with very old
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firmware revisions.
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If your cards supports IBSS mode, it is recommended that you use it in
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preference to the
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.Dq "ad-hoc demo mode"
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in new installations.
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.Pp
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Cards supported by the driver based on the Intersil PRISM family of chips also
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have a host-based access point mode which allows the card to
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act as an access point (base station).
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Access points are different than operating in IBSS mode.
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They operate in BSS mode.
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They allow for easier roaming and bridge all ethernet traffic such
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that machines connected via an access point appear to be on the local
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ethernet segment.
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.Pp
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For more information on configuring this device, see
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.Xr ifconfig 8 .
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.Pp
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Cards supported by the
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.Nm
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driver come in a variety of packages, though the most common
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are of the PCMCIA type.
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In many cases, the PCI version of a wireless card is simply
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a PCMCIA card bundled with a PCI adapter.
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The PCI adapters come in two flavors: true PCMCIA bridges and
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dumb PCMCIA bridges.
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A true PCMCIA bridge (such as those sold by Lucent) will attach
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as a real PCMCIA controller.
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The wireless card will then attach to the PCMCIA bus.
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Wireless cards in PCMCIA slots may be inserted and ejected on the fly.
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.Pp
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A dumb bridge, on the other hand, does not show up as a true PCMCIA bus.
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The wireless card will simply appear to the host as a normal PCI
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device and will not require any PCMCIA support.
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Cards in this type of adapter should only be removed when the
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machine is powered down.
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.Pp
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The following cards are among those supported by the
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.Nm
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driver:
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.Pp
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.Bl -column -compact "Linksys Instant Wireless WPC11 2.5" "Spectrum24" "PCI or PCMCIA"
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.Em "Card Chip Bus"
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3Com AirConnect 3CRWE737A Spectrum24 PCMCIA
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3Com AirConnect 3CRWE777A Prism-II PCI
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Accton airDirect WN3301 PCMCIA
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ACTIONTEC HWC01170 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Addtron AWP-100 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Adtec Adlink/340C Prism-II PCMCIA
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Airvast WN 100 Prism-3 PCMCIA
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Airway 802.11 Adapter PCMCIA
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Agere Orinoco Hermes PCMCIA
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Allied Telesis WR211PCM Prism-II PCMCIA
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ArTem OnAir Prism? PCMCIA
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Asus WL100 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Avaya Wireless Prism-II PCMCIA
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Bay eMobility 11B Prism-2.5? PCMCIA
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Blue Concentric Circle WL-379F Prism-II CF
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BreezeNet Wireless Prism-II PCMCIA
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Buffalo WLI-PCM-S11 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Buffalo WLI-PCM-L11G Hermes PCMCIA
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Buffalo WLI-CF-S11G Prism-II CF
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Buffalo WLI2-CF-S11G Prism 2.5 CF
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Cabletron RoamAbout Hermes PCMCIA
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Compaq Agency NC5004 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Compaq WL100 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Compaq WL110 Hermes PCMCIA
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Compaq WL200 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Contec FLEXLAN/FX-DS110-PCC Prism-II PCMCIA
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Corega PCC-11 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Corega PCCA-11 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Corega PCCB-11 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Corega CGWLPCIA11 Prism-II PCI
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Dell TrueMobile 1150 Hermes PCMCIA
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Dlink Air 660 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Dlink DWL520 Prism-2.5 PCI
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Dlink DWL650 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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ELECOM Air@Hawk/LD-WL11/PCC PCMCIA
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ELSA MC-11 PCMCIA
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ELSA XI300 Prism-II PCMCIA
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ELSA XI800 Prism-II CF
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EMTAC A2424i Prism-II PCMCIA
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Ericsson Wireless LAN CARD C11 Spectrum24 PCMCIA
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Farallon Skyline Prism-II PCMCIA
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Gemtek WL-311 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Hawking Technology WE110P Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Home Wireless Networks Prism-II PCMCIA
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IBM High Rate Wireless Hermes PCMCIA
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ICOM SL-1100 Prism-II PCMCIA
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I-O DATA WN-B11/PCM Prism-II PCMCIA
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Intel PRO/Wireless 2011 Spectrum24 PCMCIA
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Intersil Prism II Prism-II PCMCIA
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Intersil Mini-PCI Prism-2.5 PCI
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Laneed Wireless PCMCIA
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Linksys Instant Wireless WPC11 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Linksys Instant Wireless WPC11 2.5 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Linksys Instant Wireless WPC11 3.0 Prism-3 PCMCIA
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Linksys WCF11 Prism-3 PCMCIA
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Linksys WCF12 Prism-3 CF
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Lucent WaveLAN Hermes PCMCIA
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Melco Airconnect Prism-II PCMCIA
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Microsoft MN-520 WLAN Prism-II PCMCIA
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NANOSPEED ROOT-RZ2000 Prism-II PCMCIA
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NCR WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11 PCMCIA
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NDC/Sohoware NCP130 Prism-II PCI
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NEC CMZ-RT-WP Prism-II PCMCIA
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NEC PK-WL001 Lucent PCMCIA
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NEC PC-WL/11C Prism-II PCMCIA
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Netgear MA311 Prism-2.5 PCI
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Netgear MA401 Prism-II/2.5 PCMCIA
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Netgear MA401RA Prism-II PCMCIA
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Netgear MA701 Prism-II CF
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NOKIA C020 WLAN Prism-II PCMCIA
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NOKIA C110 WLAN Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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NTT-ME 11Mbps Wireless LAN Prism-II PCMCIA
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Planex GeoWave/GW-NS110 Prism-II PCMCIA
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Planex GW-NS11H Prism-II PCMCIA
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Proxim Harmony Prism-II PCMCIA
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Proxim RangeLAN-DS Prism-II PCMCIA
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Samsung MagicLAN SWL-2000N Prism-II PCMCIA
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Siemens SpeedStream SS1021 Prism-II PCMCIA
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SMC 2602 EZ Connect (3.3V) Prism-II PCI or PCMCIA
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SMC 2632 EZ Connect Prism-II PCMCIA
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Socket Low Power WLAN-CF Prism-II CF
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Sony PCWA-C100 Lucent PCMCIA
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Sony PEGA-WL110 Prism-2.5 PCMCIA
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Symbol Spectrum24 Spectrum24 PCMCIA
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Symbol LA-4100 Spectrum24 CF
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TDK LAK-CD011WL Prism-II PCMCIA
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Toshiba Wireless LAN Card Prism-II PCMCIA
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U.S. Robotics Wireless Card 2410 Prism-II PCMCIA
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YIS YWL-11B Prism-II PCMCIA
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.El
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.Pp
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Several vendors sell PCI adapters built around the PLX Technology 9050
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or 9052 chip.
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The following such adapters are supported or expected to work:
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.Pp
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.Bl -item -compact
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.It
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3Com AirConnect 3CRWE777A (3.3V)
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.It
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Belkin F5D6000 (a rebadged WL11000P)
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.It
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Eumitcom WL11000P
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.It
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Global Sun Technology GL24110P (untested)
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.It
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Global Sun Technology GL24110P02
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.It
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LinkSys WDT11 (a rebadged GL24110P02)
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.It
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Netgear MA301
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.It
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US Robotics 2415 (rebadged WL11000P)
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.It
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Wisecom Wireless LAN PCI Adapter
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.El
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.Pp
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The following adapters have the same model numbers as those listed
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above, but might not work if the actual card is after the change away
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from the Prism family:
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.Pp
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.Bl -item -compact
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.It
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DLink DWL520
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Join an existing BSS network (ie: connect to an access point):
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.Pp
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.Dl "ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00"
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.Pp
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Join a specific BSS network with network name
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.Dq Li my_net :
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.Pp
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.Dl "ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net"
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.Pp
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Join a specific BSS network with WEP encryption:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
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wepmode on wepkey 0x8736639624
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Join a Lucent legacy demo ad-hoc network with network name
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.Dq Li my_net :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
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media DS/11Mbps mediaopt adhoc,link0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Join/create an IBSS network with network name
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.Dq Li my_net :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
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media DS/11Mbps mediaopt adhoc
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Create a host-based access point (Prism only):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
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media DS/11Mbps mediaopt hostap
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Create a host-based access point with WEP enabled (Prism only):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wi0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
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wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 media DS/11Mbps \e
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mediaopt hostap
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Create a host-based wireless bridge to fxp0 (Prism only):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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Add BRIDGE to the kernel config.
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ifconfig wi0 inet up ssid my_ap media DS/11Mbps mediaopt hostap
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sysctl net.link.ether.bridge.enable=1
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sysctl net.link.ether.bridge.config="wi0 fxp0"
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sysctl net.inet.ip.forwarding=1
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.Ed
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.Pp
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This will give you the same functionality as an access point.
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.It "wi%d: init failed"
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The WaveLAN card failed to become ready after an initialization command
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was issued.
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.It "wi%d: failed to allocate %d bytes on NIC"
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The driver was unable to allocate memory for transmit frames in the
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NIC's on-board RAM.
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This can also be an indication of an incorrectly configured interrupt.
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.It "wi%d: device timeout"
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The WaveLAN card failed to generate an interrupt to acknowledge a transmit
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command.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr an 4 ,
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.Xr arp 4 ,
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.Xr ath 4 ,
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.Xr card 4 ,
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.Xr netintro 4 ,
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.Xr pccard 4 ,
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.Xr pccbb 4 ,
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.Xr pcic 4 ,
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.Xr wlan 4 ,
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.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
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.Xr wicontrol 8
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.Rs
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.%T HCF Light programming specification
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.%O http://www.wavelan.com
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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device driver first appeared in
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.Fx 3.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm
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driver was written by
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.An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu .
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This man page comes from
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.Ox .
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.Sh CAVEATS
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Different regulatory domains have different default channels for adhoc
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mode.
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See
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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for information on how to change the channel.
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See
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.Xr wicontrol 8
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for information on different regulatory domains.
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.Pp
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The Intersil Prism family of chips' host-based access point mode has
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bugs for station firmware versions prior to 0.8.3.
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The driver currently precludes hostap functionality with older station
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firmware.
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The best version of the station firmware for the Prism family of chips
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seems to be 1.4.9.
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Some users of Prism-II and 2.5 based cards report that station firmware
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version 1.3.4 works better for them in hostap than 1.4.9.
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Older versions of the Prism station firmware have a number of issues
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with hostap mode.
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The IBSS/adhoc mode appears to work well on station firmware 1.3.1 and
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later.
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The IBSS/adhoc mode appears to have problems for some people with
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older versions of station firmware.
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.Pp
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Lucent cards prior to firmware version 6.0.6 do not support IBSS
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mode.
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These cards support only the pre-802.11 mode known as
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.Dq "demo ad-hoc mode"
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which does not interoperate with stations in IBSS mode.
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.Pp
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Prism cards prior to version 0.8.0 do not support IBSS mode.
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.Pp
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Symbol cards prior to version 2.50.00 do not support IBSS mode.
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.Sh BUGS
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Not all the new messages are documented here, and many of them are
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indications of transient errors that are not indications of serious
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problems.
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.Pp
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WL200 PCI wireless cards are based on a Cirrus Logic CL-PD6729 bridge
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chips glued to an Intersil Prism-II PCMCIA chipset w/o the PC Card
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form factor being present.
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These chips are special and require special care to use properly.
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One must set
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.Va hw.pcic.pd6729_intr_path Ns = Ns Qq Li 2
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in
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.Pa /boot/loader.conf .
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This tells the PC Card system to use PCI interrupts for this odd beast.
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It is not possible to know automatically which kind of interrupts to use.
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OLDCARD devices
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.Xr ( pcic 4
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and
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.Xr card 4 )
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support this device.
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NEWCARD devices
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.Xr ( pccbb 4
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and
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.Xr pccard 4 )
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do not support it at this time.
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