349 lines
16 KiB
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349 lines
16 KiB
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<title>NTP PARSE clock data formats</title>
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<h3>NTP PARSE clock data formats</h3>
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<p>The parse driver currently supports several clocks with different query mechanisms. In order for you to find a sample that might be similar to a clock you might want to integrate into parse I'll sum up the major features of the clocks (this information is distributed in the parse/clk_*.c and ntpd/refclock_parse.c files).</p>
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<hr>
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<h4>Meinberg clocks</h4>
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<pre>
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Meinberg: start=<STX>, end=<ETX>, sync on start
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pattern="\2D: . . ;T: ;U: . . ; \3"
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pattern="\2 . . ; ; : : ; \3"
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pattern="\2 . . ; ; : : ; : ; ; . . "
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</pre>
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<p>Meinberg is a German manufacturer of time code receivers. Those clocks have a pretty common output format in the stock version. In order to support NTP Meinberg was so kind to produce some special versions of the firmware for the use with NTP. So, if you are going to use a Meinberg clock please ask whether there is a special Uni Erlangen version. You can reach <a href="http://www.meinberg.de/">Meinberg</a> via the Web. Information can also be ordered via eMail from <a href="mailto:%20info@meinberg.de">info@meinberg.de</a></p>
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<p>General characteristics:<br>
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Meinberg clocks primarily output pulse per second and a describing ASCII string. This string can be produced in two modes: either upon the reception of a question mark or every second. NTP uses the latter mechanism. DCF77 AM clocks have a limited accuracy of a few milliseconds. The DCF77 PZF5xx variants provide higher accuracy and have a pretty good relationship between RS232 time code and the PPS signal. Except for early versions of the old GPS166 receiver type, Meinberg GPS receivers have a very good timing relationship between the datagram and the pulse. The beginning of the start bit of the first character has basically the same accuracy as the PPS signal, plus a jitter of up to 1 bit time depending on the selected baud rate, i.e. 52 μs @ 19200. PPS support should always be used, if possible, in order to yield the highest possible accuracy.</p>
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<p>The preferred tty setting for Meinberg DCF77 receivers is 9600/7E2:</p>
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<pre>
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CFLAG (B9600|CS7|PARENB|CREAD|HUPCL)
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IFLAG (IGNBRK|IGNPAR|ISTRIP)
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OFLAG 0
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LFLAG 0
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</pre>
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<p>The tty setting for Meinberg GPS16x/17x receivers is 19200/8N1:</p>
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<pre>
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CFLAG (B19200|CS8|PARENB|CREAD|HUPCL)
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IFLAG (IGNBRK|IGNPAR|ISTRIP)
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OFLAG 0
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LFLAG 0
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</pre>
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<p>All clocks should be run at datagram once per second.<br><br></p>
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<p>Format of the Meinberg standard time string:</p>
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<pre>
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<b><i><STX></i>D:<i>dd.mm.yy</i>;T:<i>w</i>;U:<i>hh.mm.ss</i>;<i>uvxy</i><i><ETX></i></b>
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pos: 0 000000001111111111222222222233 3
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1 234567890123456789012345678901 2
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<i><STX></i> = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
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<i>dd.mm.yy</i> = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
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<i>w</i> = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
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<i>hh:mm:ss</i> = hour, minute, second, separated by dots
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<i>u</i> = '#' for GPS receivers: time is <b>not</b> synchronized
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'#' for older PZF5xx receivers: no correlation, not synchronized
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'#' for other devices: never sync'ed since powerup
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' ' if nothing of the above applies
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<i>v</i> = '*' for GPS receivers: position has <b>not</b> been verified
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'*' for other devices: freewheeling based on internal quartz
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' ' if nothing of the above applies
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<i>x</i> = 'U' if UTC time is transmitted
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'S' if daylight saving time is active
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' ' if nothing of the above applies
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<i>y</i> = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time
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'A' during the hour preceding a leap second
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' ' if nothing of the above applies
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<i><ETX></i> = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
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</pre>
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<p>Format of the Uni Erlangen time string for PZF5xx receivers:</p>
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<pre>
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<b><i><STX></i><i>dd.mm.yy</i>; <i>w</i>; <i>hh:mm:ss</i>; <i>tuvxyza</i><i><ETX></i></b>
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pos: 0 000000001111111111222222222233 3
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1 234567890123456789012345678901 2
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<i><STX></i> = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
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<i>dd.mm.yy</i> = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
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<i>w</i> = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
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<i>hh:mm:ss</i> = hour, minute, second, separated by colons
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<i>t</i> = 'U' if UTC time is transmitted, else ' '
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<i>u</i> = '#' for older PZF5xx receivers: no correlation, not synchronized
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'#' for PZF511 and newer: never sync'ed since powerup
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' ' if nothing of the above applies
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<i>v</i> = '*' if freewheeling based on internal quartz, else ' '
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<i>x</i> = 'S' if daylight saving time is active, else ' '
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<i>y</i> = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time, else ' '
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<i>z</i> = 'A' during the hour preceding a leap second, else ' '
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<i>a</i> = 'R' alternate antenna (reminiscent of PZF5xx), usually ' ' for GPS receivers
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<i><ETX></i> = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
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</pre>
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<p>Format of the Uni Erlangen time string for GPS16x/GPS17x receivers:</p>
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<pre>
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<b><i><STX></i><i>dd.mm.yy</i>; <i>w</i>; <i>hh:mm:ss</i>; <i>+uu:uu</i>; <i>uvxyzab</i>; <i>ll.lllln</i> <i>lll.lllle</i> <i>hhhh</i>m<i><ETX></i></b>
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pos: 0 0000000011111111112222222222333333333344444444445555555555666666 6
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1 2345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345 6
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<i><STX></i> = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
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<i>dd.mm.yy</i> = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
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<i>w</i> = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
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<i>hh:mm:ss</i> = hour, minute, second, separated by colons
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<i>+uu:uu</i> = offset to UTC in hours and minutes, preceded by + or -
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<i>u</i> = '#' if time is <b>not</b> synchronized, else ' '
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<i>v</i> = '*' if position has <b>not</b> been verified, else ' '
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<i>x</i> = 'S' if daylight saving time is active, else ' '
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<i>y</i> = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time, else ' '
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<i>z</i> = 'A' during the hour preceding a leap second, else ' '
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<i>a</i> = 'R' alternate antenna (reminiscent of PZF5xx), usually ' ' for GPS receivers
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<i>b</i> = 'L' during a leap second, i.e. if the seconds field is 60, else ' '
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<i>ll.lllln</i> = position latitude in degrees, 'n' can actually be 'N' or 'S', i.e. North or South
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<i>lll.lllle</i> = position longitude in degrees, 'e' can actually be 'E' or 'W', i.e. East or West
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<i>hhhh</i> = position altitude in meters, always followed by 'm'
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<i><ETX></i> = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
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</pre>
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<p>Examples for Uni Erlangen strings from GPS receivers:</p>
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<pre>
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\x02 09.07.93; 5; 08:48:26; +00:00; ; 49.5736N 11.0280E 373m \x03
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\x02 08.11.06; 3; 14:39:39; +00:00; ; 51.9828N 9.2258E 176m \x03
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</pre>
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<p>The Uni Erlangen formats should be used preferably. Newer Meinberg GPS receivers can be configured to transmit that format, for older devices there may be a special firmware version available.</p>
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<p>For the Meinberg parse look into clk_meinberg.c<br><br></p>
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<hr>
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<h4>Raw DCF77 Data via serial line</h4>
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<p>RAWDCF: end=TIMEOUT>1.5s, sync each char (any char),generate psuedo time codes, fixed format</p>
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<p>direct DCF77 code input</p>
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<p>In Europe it is relatively easy/cheap the receive the german time code transmitter DCF77. The simplest version to process its signal is to feed the 100/200ms pulse of the demodulated AM signal via a level converter to an RS232 port at 50Baud. parse/clk_rawdcf.c holds all necessary decoding logic for the time code which is transmitted each minute for one minute. A bit of the time code is sent once a second.</p>
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<pre>
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The preferred tty setting is:
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CFLAG (B50|CS8|CREAD|CLOCAL)
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IFLAG 0
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OFLAG 0
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LFLAG 0
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</pre>
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<h4>DCF77 raw time code</h4>
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<p>From "Zur Zeit", Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, März 1989<br>
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</p>
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<p>Timecode transmission:</p>
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<pre>
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AM:
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time marks are send every second except for the second before the
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next minute mark
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time marks consist of a reduction of transmitter power to 25%
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of the nominal level
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the falling edge is the time indication (on time)
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time marks of a 100ms duration constitute a logical 0
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time marks of a 200ms duration constitute a logical 1
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</pre>
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<p>see the spec. (basically a (non-)inverted psuedo random phase shift) encoding:</p>
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<pre>
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FM:
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Second Contents
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0 - 10 AM: free, FM: 0
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11 - 14 free
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15 R - alternate antenna
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16 A1 - expect zone change (1 hour before)
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17 - 18 Z1,Z2 - time zone
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0 0 illegal
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0 1 MEZ (MET)
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1 0 MESZ (MED, MET DST)
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1 1 illegal
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19 A2 - expect leap insertion/deletion (1 hour before)
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20 S - start of time code (1)
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21 - 24 M1 - BCD (lsb first) Minutes
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25 - 27 M10 - BCD (lsb first) 10 Minutes
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28 P1 - Minute Parity (even)
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29 - 32 H1 - BCD (lsb first) Hours
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33 - 34 H10 - BCD (lsb first) 10 Hours
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35 P2 - Hour Parity (even)
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36 - 39 D1 - BCD (lsb first) Days
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40 - 41 D10 - BCD (lsb first) 10 Days
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42 - 44 DW - BCD (lsb first) day of week (1: Monday -> 7: Sunday)
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45 - 49 MO1 - BCD (lsb first) Month
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50 MO10 - 10 Months
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51 - 53 Y1 - BCD (lsb first) Years
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54 - 57 Y10 - BCD (lsb first) 10 Years
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58 P3 - Date Parity (even)
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59 - usually missing (minute indication), except for leap insertion
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>Schmid clock</h4>
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<p>Schmid clock: needs poll, binary input, end='\xFC', sync start</p>
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<p>The Schmid clock is a DCF77 receiver that sends a binary time code at the reception of a flag byte. The contents if the flag byte determined the time code format. The binary time code is delimited by the byte 0xFC.</p>
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<pre>
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TTY setup is:
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CFLAG (B1200|CS8|CREAD|CLOCAL)
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IFLAG 0
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OFLAG 0
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LFLAG 0
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</pre>
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<p>The command to Schmid's DCF77 clock is a single byte; each bit allows the user to select some part of the time string, as follows (the output for the lsb is sent first).</p>
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<pre>
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Bit 0: time in MEZ, 4 bytes *binary, not BCD*; hh.mm.ss.tenths
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Bit 1: date 3 bytes *binary, not BCD: dd.mm.yy
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Bit 2: week day, 1 byte (unused here)
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Bit 3: time zone, 1 byte, 0=MET, 1=MEST. (unused here)
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Bit 4: clock status, 1 byte, 0=time invalid,
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1=time from crystal backup,
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3=time from DCF77
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Bit 5: transmitter status, 1 byte,
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bit 0: backup antenna
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bit 1: time zone change within 1h
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bit 3,2: TZ 01=MEST, 10=MET
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bit 4: leap second will be
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added within one hour
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bits 5-7: Zero
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Bit 6: time in backup mode, units of 5 minutes (unused here)
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>Trimble SV6 ASCII time code (TAIP)</h4>
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<p>Trimble SV6: needs poll, ascii timecode, start='>', end='<', query='>QTM<', eol='<'</p>
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<p>Trimble SV6 is a GPS receiver with PPS output. It needs to be polled. It also need a special tty mode setup (EOL='<').</p>
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<pre>
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TTY setup is:
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CFLAG (B4800|CS8|CREAD)
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IFLAG (BRKINT|IGNPAR|ISTRIP|ICRNL|IXON)
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OFLAG (OPOST|ONLCR)
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LFLAG (ICANON|ECHOK)
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</pre>
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<p>Special flags are:</p>
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<pre> PARSE_F_PPSPPS - use CIOGETEV for PPS time stamping
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PARSE_F_PPSONSECOND - the time code is not related to
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the PPS pulse (so use the time code
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only for the second epoch)
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Timecode
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0000000000111111111122222222223333333 / char
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0123456789012345678901234567890123456 \ posn
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>RTMhhmmssdddDDMMYYYYoodnnvrrrrr;*xx< Actual
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----33445566600112222BB7__-_____--99- Parse
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>RTM 1 ;* < Check
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>ELV DCF7000</h4>
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<p>ELV DCF7000: end='\r', pattern=" - - - - - - - \r"</p>
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<p>The ELV DCF7000 is a cheap DCF77 receiver sending each second a time code (though not very precise!) delimited by '`r'</p>
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<pre>
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Timecode
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YY-MM-DD-HH-MM-SS-FF\r
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FF&0x1 - DST
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FF&0x2 - DST switch warning
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FF&0x4 - unsynchronised
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>HOPF 6021 und Kompatible</h4>
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<p>HOPF Funkuhr 6021 mit serieller Schnittstelle Created by F.Schnekenbuehl <frank@comsys.dofn.de> from clk_rcc8000.c Nortel DASA Network Systems GmbH, Department: ND250 A Joint venture of Daimler-Benz Aerospace and Nortel.</p>
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<pre>
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hopf Funkuhr 6021
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used with 9600,8N1,
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UTC via serial line
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"Sekundenvorlauf" ON
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ETX zum Sekundenvorlauf ON
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dataformat 6021
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output time and date
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transmit with control characters
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transmit evry second
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</pre>
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<p>Type 6021 Serial Output format</p>
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<pre>
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000000000011111111 / char
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012345678901234567 \ position
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sABHHMMSSDDMMYYnre Actual
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C4110046231195 Parse
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s enr Check
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s = STX (0x02), e = ETX (0x03)
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n = NL (0x0A), r = CR (0x0D)
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A B - Status and weekday
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A - Status
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8 4 2 1
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x x x 0 - no announcement
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x x x 1 - Summertime - wintertime - summertime announcement
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x x 0 x - Wintertime
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x x 1 x - Summertime
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0 0 x x - Time/Date invalid
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0 1 x x - Internal clock used
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1 0 x x - Radio clock
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1 1 x x - Radio clock highprecision
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B - 8 4 2 1
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0 x x x - MESZ/MEZ
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1 x x x - UTC
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x 0 0 1 - Monday
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x 0 1 0 - Tuesday
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x 0 1 1 - Wednesday
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x 1 0 0 - Thursday
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x 1 0 1 - Friday
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x 1 1 0 - Saturday
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x 1 1 1 - Sunday
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>Diem Computime Clock</h4>
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<p>The Computime receiver sends a datagram in the following format every minute</p>
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<pre>
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Timestamp T:YY:MM:MD:WD:HH:MM:SSCRLF
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Pos 0123456789012345678901 2 3
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0000000000111111111122 2 2
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Parse T: : : : : : : \r\n
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T Startcharacter "T" specifies start of the timestamp
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YY Year MM Month 1-12
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MD Day of the month
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WD Day of week
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HH Hour
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MM Minute
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SS Second
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CR Carriage return
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LF Linefeed
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</pre>
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<hr>
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<h4>WHARTON 400A Series Clock with a 404.2 Serial interface</h4>
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<p>The WHARTON 400A Series clock is able to send date/time serial messages in 7 output formats. We use format 1 here because it is the shortest. We set up the clock to send a datagram every second. For use with this driver, the WHARTON 400A Series clock must be set-up as follows :</p>
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<pre>
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Programmable Selected
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Option No Option
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BST or CET display 3 9 or 11
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No external controller 7 0
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Serial Output Format 1 9 1
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Baud rate 9600 bps 10 96
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Bit length 8 bits 11 8
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Parity even 12 E
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</pre>
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<p>WHARTON 400A Series output format 1 is as follows :</p>
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<pre>
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Timestamp STXssmmhhDDMMYYSETX
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Pos 0 12345678901234
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0 00000000011111
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STX start transmission (ASCII 0x02)
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ETX end transmission (ASCII 0x03)
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ss Second expressed in reversed decimal (units then tens)
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mm Minute expressed in reversed decimal
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hh Hour expressed in reversed decimal
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DD Day of month expressed in reversed decimal
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MM Month expressed in reversed decimal (January is 1)
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YY Year (without century) expressed in reversed decimal
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S Status byte : 0x30 +
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bit 0 0 = MSF source 1 = DCF source
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bit 1 0 = Winter time 1 = Summer time
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bit 2 0 = not synchronised 1 = synchronised
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bit 3 0 = no early warning 1 = early warning
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</pre>
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<hr>
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