197 lines
5.8 KiB
Groff
197 lines
5.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" Christoph Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz, Munich and Frankfurt.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgment:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as Christoph
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.\" Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $TSHeader: src/sbin/growfs/growfs.8,v 1.3 2000/12/12 19:31:00 tomsoft Exp $
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 29, 2011
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.Dt GROWFS 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm growfs
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.Nd expand an existing UFS file system
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl Ny
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.Op Fl s Ar size
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.Ar special
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility extends the
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.Xr newfs 8
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program.
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Before starting
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.Nm
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the disk must be labeled to a bigger size using
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.Xr bsdlabel 8 .
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If you wish to grow a file system beyond the boundary of
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the slice it resides in, you must re-size the slice using
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.Xr gpart 8
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before running
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.Nm .
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If you are using volumes you must enlarge them by using
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.Xr gvinum 8 .
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The
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.Nm
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utility extends the size of the file system on the specified special file.
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Currently
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.Nm
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can only enlarge unmounted file systems.
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Do not try enlarging a mounted file system, your system may panic and you will
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not be able to use the file system any longer.
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Most of the
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.Xr newfs 8
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options cannot be changed by
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.Nm .
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In fact, you can only increase the size of the file system.
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Use
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.Xr tunefs 8
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for other changes.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl N
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.Dq Test mode .
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Causes the new file system parameters to be printed out without actually
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enlarging the file system.
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.It Fl y
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.Dq Expert mode .
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Usually
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.Nm
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will ask you if you took a backup of your data before and will do some tests
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whether
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.Ar special
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is currently mounted or whether there are any active snapshots on the file
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system specified.
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This will be suppressed.
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So use this option with great care!
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.It Fl s Ar size
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Determines the
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.Ar size
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of the file system after enlarging in sectors.
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This value defaults to the size of the raw partition specified in
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.Ar special
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(in other words,
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.Nm
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will enlarge the file system to the size of the entire partition).
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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.Dl growfs -s 4194304 /dev/vinum/testvol
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.Pp
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will enlarge
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.Pa /dev/vinum/testvol
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up to 2GB if there is enough space in
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.Pa /dev/vinum/testvol .
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr bsdlabel 8 ,
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.Xr dumpfs 8 ,
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.Xr ffsinfo 8 ,
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.Xr fsck 8 ,
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.Xr gpart 8 ,
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.Xr gvinum 8 ,
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.Xr newfs 8 ,
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.Xr tunefs 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility first appeared in
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.Fx 4.4 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Christoph Herrmann Aq chm@FreeBSD.org
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.An Thomas-Henning von Kamptz Aq tomsoft@FreeBSD.org
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.An The GROWFS team Aq growfs@Tomsoft.COM
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Nm
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utility works starting with
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.Fx
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3.x.
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There may be cases on
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.Fx
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3.x only, when
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.Nm
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does not recognize properly whether or not the file system is mounted and
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exits with an error message.
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Then please use
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.Nm
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.Fl y
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if you are sure that the file system is not mounted.
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It is also recommended to always use
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.Xr fsck 8
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after enlarging (just to be on the safe side).
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.Pp
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For enlarging beyond certain limits, it is essential to have some free blocks
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available in the first cylinder group.
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If that space is not available in the first cylinder group, a critical data
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structure has to be relocated into one of the new available cylinder groups.
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On
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.Fx
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3.x this will cause problems with
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.Xr fsck 8
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afterwards.
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So
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.Xr fsck 8
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needs to be patched if you want to use
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.Nm
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for
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.Fx
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3.x.
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This patch is already integrated in
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.Fx
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starting with
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.Fx 4.4 .
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To avoid an unexpected relocation of that structure it is possible to use
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.Nm ffsinfo
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.Fl g Ar 0
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.Fl l Ar 4
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on the first cylinder group to verify that
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.Em nbfree
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in the CYLINDER SUMMARY (internal cs) of the CYLINDER GROUP
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.Em cgr0
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has enough blocks.
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As a rule of thumb for default file system parameters one block is needed for
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every 2 GB of total file system size.
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.Pp
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Normally
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.Nm
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writes this critical structure to disk and reads it again later for doing more
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updates.
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This read operation will provide unexpected data when using
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.Fl N .
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Therefore, this part cannot really be simulated and will be skipped in test
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mode.
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