263 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
263 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd May 18, 2007
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.Dt SA 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sa
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.Nd print system accounting statistics
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu
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.Op Fl P Ar file
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.Op Fl U Ar file
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.Op Fl v Ar cutoff
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.Op Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility reports on, cleans up,
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and generally maintains system
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accounting files.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility is able to condense the information in
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.Pa /var/account/acct
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into the summary files
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.Pa /var/account/savacct
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and
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.Pa /var/account/usracct ,
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which contain system statistics according
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to command name and login id, respectively.
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This condensation is desirable because on a
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large system,
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.Pa /var/account/acct
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can grow by hundreds of blocks per day.
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The summary files are normally read before
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the accounting file, so that reports include
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all available information.
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.Pp
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If file names are supplied, they are read instead of
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.Pa /var/account/acct .
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After each file is read, if the summary
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files are being updated, an updated summary will
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be saved to disk.
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Only one report is printed,
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after the last file is processed.
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.Pp
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The labels used in the output indicate the following, except
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where otherwise specified by individual options:
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.Bl -tag -width k*sec
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.It Dv avio
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Average number of I/O operations per execution
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.It Dv cp
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Sum of user and system time, in minutes
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.It Dv cpu
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Same as
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.Dv cp
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.It Dv k
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CPU-time averaged core usage, in 1k units
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.It Dv k*sec
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CPU storage integral, in 1k-core seconds
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.It Dv re
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Real time, in minutes
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.It Dv s
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System time, in minutes
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.It Dv tio
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Total number of I/O operations
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.It Dv u
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User time, in minutes
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.El
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.Pp
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The options to
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.Nm
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are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl a
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List all command names, including those containing unprintable
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characters and those used only once.
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By default,
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.Nm
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places all names containing unprintable characters and
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those used only once under the name ``***other''.
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.It Fl b
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If printing command statistics, sort output by the sum of user and system
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time divided by number of calls.
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.It Fl c
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In addition to the number of calls and the user, system and real times
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for each command, print their percentage of the total over all commands.
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.It Fl d
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If printing command statistics, sort by the average number of disk
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I/O operations.
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If printing user statistics, print the average number of
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disk I/O operations per user.
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.It Fl D
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If printing command statistics, sort and print by the total number
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of disk I/O operations.
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.It Fl f
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Force no interactive threshold comparison with the
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.Fl v
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option.
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.It Fl i
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Do not read in the summary files.
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.It Fl j
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Instead of the total minutes per category, give seconds per call.
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.It Fl k
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If printing command statistics, sort by the cpu-time average memory
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usage.
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If printing user statistics, print the cpu-time average
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memory usage.
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.It Fl K
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If printing command statistics, print and sort by the cpu-storage integral.
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.It Fl l
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Separate system and user time; normally they are combined.
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.It Fl m
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Print per-user statistics rather than per-command statistics.
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.It Fl n
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Sort by number of calls.
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.It Fl P Ar file
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Use the specified
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.Ar file
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for accessing the per-command accounting summary database,
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instead of the default
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.Pa /var/account/savacct .
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.It Fl q
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Create no output other than error messages.
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.It Fl r
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Reverse order of sort.
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.It Fl s
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Truncate the accounting files when done and merge their data
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into the summary files.
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.It Fl t
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For each command, report the ratio of real time to the sum
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of user and system cpu times.
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If the cpu time is too small to report, ``*ignore*'' appears in
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this field.
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.It Fl U Ar file
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Use the specified
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.Ar file
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for accessing the per-user accounting summary database,
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instead of the default
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.Pa /var/account/usracct .
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.It Fl u
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Superseding all other flags, for each entry
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in the accounting file, print the user ID, total seconds of cpu usage,
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total memory usage, number of I/O operations performed, and
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command name.
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.It Fl v Ar cutoff
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For each command used
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.Ar cutoff
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times or fewer, print the command name and await a reply
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from the terminal.
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If the reply begins with ``y'', add
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the command to the category ``**junk**''.
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This flag is
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used to strip garbage from the report.
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.El
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.Pp
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By default, per-command statistics will be printed.
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The number of
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calls, the total elapsed time in minutes, total cpu and user time
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in minutes, average number of I/O operations, and CPU-time
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averaged core usage will be printed.
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If the
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.Fl m
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option is specified, per-user statistics will be printed, including
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the user name, the number of commands invoked, total cpu time used
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(in minutes), total number of I/O operations, and CPU storage integral
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for each user.
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If the
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.Fl u
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option is specified, the uid, user and system time (in seconds),
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CPU storage integral, I/O usage, and command name will be printed
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for each entry in the accounting data file.
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.Pp
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If the
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.Fl u
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flag is specified, all flags other than
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.Fl q
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are ignored.
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If the
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.Fl m
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flag is specified, only the
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.Fl b ,
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.Fl d ,
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.Fl i ,
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.Fl k ,
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.Fl q ,
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and
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.Fl s
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flags are honored.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /var/account/usracct -compact
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.It Pa /var/account/acct
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raw accounting data file
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.It Pa /var/account/savacct
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per-command accounting summary database
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.It Pa /var/account/usracct
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per-user accounting summary database
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
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.Xr acct 5 ,
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.Xr ac 8 ,
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.Xr accton 8
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Chris G. Demetriou Aq Mt cgd@postgres.berkeley.edu
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.Sh CAVEATS
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While the behavior of the options in this version of
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.Nm
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was modeled after the original version, there are some intentional
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differences and undoubtedly some unintentional ones as well.
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In
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particular, the
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.Fl q
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option has been added, and the
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.Fl m
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option now understands more options than it used to.
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.Pp
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The formats of the summary files created by this version of
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.Nm
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are very different from the those used by the original version.
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This is not considered a problem, however, because the accounting record
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format has changed as well (since user ids are now 32 bits).
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.Sh BUGS
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The number of options to this program is absurd, especially considering
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that there is not much logic behind their lettering.
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.Pp
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The field labels should be more consistent.
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.Pp
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The VM system does not record the CPU storage integral.
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