257 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
257 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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.\"
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.Dd April 19, 1994
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.Dt LPD 8
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm lpd
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.Nd line printer spooler daemon
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm lpd
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.Op Fl dl
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.Op Ar port#
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Lpd
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is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked
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at boot time from the
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.Xr rc 8
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file. It makes a single pass through the
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.Xr printcap 5
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file to find out about the existing printers and
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prints any files left after a crash. It then uses the system calls
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.Xr listen 2
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and
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.Xr accept 2
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to receive requests to print files in the queue,
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transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue,
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or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle
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the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests.
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.Pp
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Available options:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl d
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Turn on
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.Dv SO_DEBUG
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on the Internet listening socket (see
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.Xr setsockopt 2 ) .
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.It Fl l
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The
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.Fl l
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flag causes
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.Nm
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to log valid requests received from the network. This can be useful
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for debugging purposes.
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.It Ar "port#"
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The Internet port number used to rendezvous
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with other processes is normally obtained with
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.Xr getservbyname 3
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but can be changed with the
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.Ar port#
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argument.
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.El
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.Pp
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Access control is provided by two means. First, all requests must come from
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one of the machines listed in the file
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.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv
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or
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.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd .
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Second, if the
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.Li rs
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capability is specified in the
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.Xr printcap
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entry for the printer being accessed,
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.Em lpr
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requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the
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machine with the printer.
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.Pp
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The file
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.Em minfree
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in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free
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so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk.
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The
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.Em minfree
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file can be edited with your favorite text editor.
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.Pp
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The daemon begins processing files
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after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive
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access (described a bit later),
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and scans the spool directory
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for files beginning with
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.Em cf .
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Lines in each
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.Em cf
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file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be
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performed. Each such line begins with a key character
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to specify what to do with the remainder of the line.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It J
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Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page.
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.It C
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Classification. String to be used for the classification line
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on the burst page.
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.It L
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Literal. The line contains identification info from
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the password file and causes the banner page to be printed.
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.It T
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Title. String to be used as the title for
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.Xr pr 1 .
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.It H
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Host Name. Name of the machine where
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.Xr lpr
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was invoked.
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.It P
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Person. Login name of the person who invoked
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.Xr lpr .
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This is used to verify ownership by
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.Xr lprm .
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.It M
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Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes.
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.It f
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Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted.
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.It l
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Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks.
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.It p
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Name of a file to print using
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.Xr pr 1
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as a filter.
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.It t
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Troff File. The file contains
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.Xr troff 1
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output (cat phototypesetter commands).
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.It n
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Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff
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output.
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.It r
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DVI File. The file contains
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.Tn Tex l
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output
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DVI format from Standford.
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.It g
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Graph File. The file contains data produced by
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.Xr plot 3 .
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.It c
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Cifplot File. The file contains data produced by
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.Em cifplot .
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.It v
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The file contains a raster image.
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.It r
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The file contains text data with
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FORTRAN carriage control characters.
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.It \&1
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Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
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.It \&2
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Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
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.It \&3
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Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
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.It \&4
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Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
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.It W
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Width. Changes the page width (in characters) used by
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.Xr pr 1
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and the text filters.
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.It I
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Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ascii).
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.It U
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Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing.
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.It N
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File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank
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for the standard input (when
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.Xr lpr
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is invoked in a pipeline).
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.El
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.Pp
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If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via
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.Xr syslog 3
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using the
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.Em LOG_LPR
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facility.
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.Nm Lpd
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will try up to 20 times
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to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will
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skip the file to be printed.
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.Pp
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.Nm Lpd
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uses
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.Xr flock 2
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to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple
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daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed
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or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed.
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The lock file is kept in a readable
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.Tn ASCII
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form
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and contains two lines.
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The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control
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file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to
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reflect the current status of
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.Nm
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for the programs
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.Xr lpq 1
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and
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.Xr lprm 1 .
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact
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.It Pa /etc/printcap
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printer description file
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.It Pa /var/spool/*
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spool directories
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.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree
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minimum free space to leave
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.It Pa /dev/lp*
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line printer devices
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.It Pa /var/run/printer
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socket for local requests
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.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv
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lists machine names allowed printer access
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.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd
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lists machine names allowed printer access,
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but not under same administrative control.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr lpq 1 ,
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.Xr lpr 1 ,
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.Xr lprm 1 ,
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.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
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.Xr syslog 3 ,
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.Xr hosts.lpd 5 ,
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.Xr printcap 5 ,
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.Xr lpc 8 ,
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.Xr pac 8
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.Rs
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.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual"
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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An
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.Nm
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daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.
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