637 lines
19 KiB
Groff
637 lines
19 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Joel Dahl <joel@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd January 25, 2012
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.Dt SND_HDA 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm snd_hda
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.Nd "Intel High Definition Audio bridge device driver"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your
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kernel configuration file:
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.Bd -ragged -offset indent
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.Cd "device sound"
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.Cd "device snd_hda"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the
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following line in
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.Xr loader.conf 5 :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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snd_hda_load="YES"
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.Ed
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The High Definition (HD) Audio specification was developed by Intel as the
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logical successor of the old AC'97 specification and has several advantages,
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such as higher bandwidth which allows more channels and more detailed formats,
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support for several logical audio devices, and general purpose DMA channels.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver includes HDA bus controller driver (hdac), HDA codec driver (hdacc)
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and HDA codecs audio functions bridge driver (hdaa) that allows
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the generic audio driver,
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.Xr sound 4 ,
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to be used with this hardware.
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Only audio functions are supported by
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.Nm .
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Modem and other possible functions are not implemented.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports hardware that conforms with revision 1.0 of the Intel High
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Definition Audio specification and tries to behave much like the Microsoft
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Universal Audio Architecture (UAA) draft (revision 0.7b) for handling audio
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devices.
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.Pp
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According to HDA and UAA specifications, depending on the number of HDA buses
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and codecs present in system, their audio capabilities and BIOS provided
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configuration, the
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.Nm
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driver often provides several PCM audio devices.
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For example, one device for main rear 7.1 output and inputs, one device
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for independent headset connectors at front and one device for SPDIF or
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HDMI audio input/output.
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The assignment of audio inputs and outputs may be tuned with
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.Xr device.hints 5
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or
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.Xr sysctl 8 .
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The driver's verbose boot messages provide a lot of information about
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the operation of the driver and present audio setup.
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.Pp
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The default audio device may be tuned by setting the
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.Ar hw.snd.default_unit
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sysctl, as described in
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.Xr sound 4 ,
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or explicitly specified in application settings.
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.Ss Boot-time Configuration
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The following variables are available at boot-time through the
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.Xr device.hints 5
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file:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va hint.hdac.%d.config"-offset indent
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.It Va hint.hdac.%d.config
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Configures a range of possible controller options.
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Possible values are:
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.Dq Li 64bit ,
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.Dq Li dmapos ,
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.Dq Li msi .
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An option prefixed with
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.Dq Li no ,
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such as
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.Dq Li nomsi ,
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will do the opposite and takes precedence.
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Options can be separated by whitespace and commas.
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.It Va hint.hdac.%d.msi
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Controls MSI (Message Signaled Interrupts) support.
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.It Va hint.hdac.%d.cad%d.nid%d.config
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Same as
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.Va hint.hdaa.%d.nid%d.config
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.It Va hint.hdaa.%d.config
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Configures a range of possible audio function options.
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Possible values are:
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.Dq Li eapdinv ,
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.Dq Li ivref ,
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.Dq Li ivref50 ,
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.Dq Li ivref80 ,
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.Dq Li ivref100 ,
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.Dq Li fixedrate ,
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.Dq Li forcestereo ,
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.Dq Li ovref ,
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.Dq Li ovref50 ,
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.Dq Li ovref80 ,
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.Dq Li ovref100 ,
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.Dq Li senseinv ,
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.Dq Li softpcmvol ,
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and
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.Dq Li vref .
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An option prefixed with
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.Dq Li no ,
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such as
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.Dq Li nofixedrate ,
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will do the opposite and takes precedence.
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Options can be separated by whitespace and commas.
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.Pp
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The
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.Dq Li eapdinv
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option inverts External Amplifier Power Down signal.
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The
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.Dq Li fixedrate
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denies all sampling rates except 48KHz.
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The
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.Dq Li forcestereo
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denies mono playback/recording.
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The
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.Dq Li senseinv
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option inverts jack sensing logic.
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The
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.Dq Li ivref Ns Ar X
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and
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.Dq Li ovref Ns Ar X
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options control the voltage used to power external microphones.
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.It Va hint.hdaa.%d.gpio_config
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Overrides audio function GPIO pins configuration set by BIOS.
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May be specified as a set of space-separated
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.Dq Ar num Ns = Ns Ar value
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pairs, where
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.Ar num
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is GPIO line number, and
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.Ar value
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is one of:
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.Dq Li keep ,
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.Dq Li set ,
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.Dq Li clear ,
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.Dq Li disable
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and
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.Dq Li input .
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.Pp
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.Dq Li GPIO Ns s
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are a codec's General Purpose I/O pins which system integrators sometimes
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use to control external muters, amplifiers and so on.
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If you have no sound, or sound volume is not adequate, you may have to
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experiment a bit with the GPIO setup to find the optimal setup for your
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system.
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.It Va hint.hdaa.%d.nid%d.config
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Overrides audio function pin configuration set by BIOS.
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May be specified as a 32-bit hexadecimal value with a leading
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.Dq 0x ,
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or as a set of space-separated
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.Dq Ar option Ns = Ns Ar value
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pairs.
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.It Va hint.pcm.%d.rec.autosrc
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Controls automatic recording source feature:
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.Bl -tag -width 2n -compact
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.It 0
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disabled,
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.It 1
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once on attach,
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.It 2
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enabled.
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.El
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When enabled, driver will automatically set recording source of the mixer to
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connected input using jack presence detection statuses.
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.El
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.Pp
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Pin configuration is the UAA driver's main source of information about codec
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usage.
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This information is usually provided by the codec manufacturer and tuned
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by system integrators for specific system requirements.
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The
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.Nm
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driver allows users to override it to fix integrator mistakes or to use the
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available codec in alternative ways (for example to get stereo output and 2
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inputs instead of a single 5.1 output).
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.Pp
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The following options are supported:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va device=" -offset indent
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.It Va as
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Association number.
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Associations are used to group individual pins to form a complex multi-pin
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device.
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For example, to group 4 connectors for 7.1 input/output, or to treat several
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input connectors as sources for the same input device.
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Association numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15.
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A value of 0 means disabled pin.
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A value of 15 is a set of independent unassociated pins.
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Each association includes only pins of the same direction (in/out) and is
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detected atomically (all pins or none).
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A separate PCM audio device is created for every pair of input and
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output associations.
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.It Va seq
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Sequence number.
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A unique, per-association number used to order pins inside the
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particular association.
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Sequence numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15.
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.Pp
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The sequence number 15 has a special meaning for output associations.
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Output pins with this number and device type
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.Dq Ar Headphones
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will duplicate (with automatic mute if jack detection is supported) the
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first pin in that association.
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.Pp
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The sequence numbers 14 and 15 has a special meaning for input associations.
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Their presence in association defines it as multiplexed or mixed respectively.
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If none of them are present and there are more than one pin in association,
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the association will provide multichannel input.
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.Pp
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For multichannel input/output associations sequence numbers encode
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channel pairs positions:
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0 - Front, 1 - Center/LFE, 2 - Back, 3 - Front Wide Center, 4 - Side.
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Standard combinations are: (0) - Stereo; (0, 2), (0, 4) - Quadro;
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(0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 4) - 5.1; (0, 1, 2, 4) - 7.1.
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.It Va device
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Device type.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15 or as a name:
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.Dq Li Line-out ,
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.Dq Li Speaker ,
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.Dq Li Headphones,
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.Dq Li CD ,
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.Dq Li SPDIF-out ,
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.Dq Li Digital-out ,
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.Dq Li Modem-line ,
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.Dq Li Modem-handset ,
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.Dq Li Line-in ,
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.Dq Li AUX ,
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.Dq Li Mic ,
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.Dq Li Telephony ,
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.Dq Li SPDIF-in ,
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.Dq Li Digital-in ,
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.Dq Li Res.E ,
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or
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.Dq Li Other .
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The device type also describes the pin direction (in/out).
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For example,
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.Dq Li CD
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always means an input pin, while
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.Dq Li Headphones
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always means an output.
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.It Va conn
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Connection type.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 3.
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The connection type can also be specified as one of the special names
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.Dq Li Jack ,
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.Dq Li None ,
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.Dq Li Fixed ,
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or
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.Dq Li Both .
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Pins with a connection type of
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.Dq Li None
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are disabled.
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.It Va ctype
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Connector physical type.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15.
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This is a reference only value.
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It is ignored by the
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.Nm
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driver.
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.It Va color
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Connector color.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15 or as one of the names
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.Dq Li Unknown ,
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.Dq Li Black ,
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.Dq Li Grey ,
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.Dq Li Blue ,
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.Dq Li Green ,
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.Dq Li Red ,
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.Dq Li Orange ,
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.Dq Li Yellow ,
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.Dq Li Purple ,
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.Dq Li Pink ,
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.Dq Li Res.A ,
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.Dq Li Res.B ,
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.Dq Li Res.C ,
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.Dq Li Res.D ,
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.Dq Li White ,
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or
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.Dq Li Other .
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This is a reference only value.
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It is ignored by the
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.Nm
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driver.
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.It Va loc
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Connector physical location.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 63.
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This is a reference only value.
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It is ignored by the
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.Nm
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driver.
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.It Va misc
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Misc bits.
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Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15.
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Bit 0 has a special meaning.
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When set it means that jack detection is not implemented in hardware.
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.El
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.Ss Runtime Configuration
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The following
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.Xr sysctl 8
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variables are available in addition to those available to all
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.Xr sound 4
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devices:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va dev.hdaa.%d.nid%d_original" -offset indent
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.It Va dev.hdac.%d.pindump
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Setting this to a non-zero value dumps the current pin configuration, main
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capabilities and jack sense status of all audio functions on the controller
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to console and syslog.
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.It Va dev.hdac.%d.polling
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Enables polling mode.
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In this mode the driver operates by querying the device state on timer
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ticks using
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.Xr callout 9
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instead of interrupts.
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Polling is disabled by default.
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Do not enable it unless you are facing weird interrupt problems or if the
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device cannot generate interrupts at all.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.config
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Run-time equivalent of the
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.Va hint.hdaa.%d.config
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tunable.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.gpi_state
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Current state of GPI lines.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.gpio_state
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Current state of GPIO lines.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.gpio_config
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Run-time equivalent of the
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.Va hint.hdaa.%d.gpio.config
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tunable.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.gpo_state
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Current state of GPO lines.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.nid%d_config
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Run-time equivalent of the
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.Va hint.hdaa.%d.nid%d.config
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tunable.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.nid%d_original
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Original pin configuration written by BIOS.
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.It Va dev.hdaa.%d.reconfig
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Setting this to a non-zero value makes driver to destroy existing pcm devices
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and process new pins configuration set via
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.Va dev.hdaa.%d.nid%d_config .
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.It Va dev.pcm.%d.play.32bit , dev.pcm.%d.rec.32bit
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HDA controller uses 32bit representation for all samples of more then 16 bits.
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These variables allow to specify how many bits of these 32 should be
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used by CODEC.
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Depending on codec capabilities, possible values are 20, 24 and 32 bit.
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The default value is 24.
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.It Va dev.pcm.%d.rec.autosrc
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Run-time equivalent of the
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.Va hint.pcm.%d.rec.autosrc
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tunable.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Taking HP Compaq DX2300 with Realtek ALC888 HDA codec for example.
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This system has two audio connectors on a front side, three audio connectors
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on a rear side and one internal speaker.
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According to verbose driver output and the codec datasheet,
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this codec has five stereo DACs and two stereo ADCs, all of them are routable to
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any codec pin (external connector).
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All codec pins are reversible (could be configured either as input or output).
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.Pp
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So high codec uniformity and flexibility allow driver to configure it in many
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different ways, depending on requested pins usage described by pins configuration.
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The driver reports such default pin configuration when verbose messages enabled:
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.Bd -literal
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hdaa0: nid 0x as seq device conn jack loc color misc
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hdaa0: 20 01014020 2 0 Line-out Jack 1/8 Rear Green 0
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hdaa0: 21 99130110 1 0 Speaker Fixed ATAPI Onboard Unknown 1
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hdaa0: 22 411111f0 15 0 Speaker None 1/8 Rear Black 1 DISA
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hdaa0: 23 411111f0 15 0 Speaker None 1/8 Rear Black 1 DISA
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hdaa0: 24 01a19830 3 0 Mic Jack 1/8 Rear Pink 8
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hdaa0: 25 02a1983f 3 15 Mic Jack 1/8 Front Pink 8
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hdaa0: 26 01813031 3 1 Line-in Jack 1/8 Rear Blue 0
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hdaa0: 27 0221401f 1 15 Headphones Jack 1/8 Front Green 0
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hdaa0: 28 411111f0 15 0 Speaker None 1/8 Rear Black 1 DISA
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hdaa0: 30 411111f0 15 0 Speaker None 1/8 Rear Black 1 DISA
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hdaa0: 31 411111f0 15 0 Speaker None 1/8 Rear Black 1 DISA
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Here we can see, that the nodes with ID (nid) 25 and 27 are front panel
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connectors (Jack, Front), nids 20, 24 and 26 are rear panel connectors
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(Jack, Rear) and nid 21 is a built-in speaker (Fixed, Onboard).
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Pins with nids 22, 23, 28, 30 and 31 will be disabled by driver due to "None"
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connectivity.
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So the pin count and description matches to connectors that we have.
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.Pp
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Using association (as) and sequence (seq) fields values pins are grouped into
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3 associations:
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.Bd -literal
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hdaa0: Association 0 (1) out:
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hdaa0: Pin nid=21 seq=0
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hdaa0: Pin nid=27 seq=15
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hdaa0: Association 1 (2) out:
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hdaa0: Pin nid=20 seq=0
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hdaa0: Association 2 (3) in:
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hdaa0: Pin nid=24 seq=0
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hdaa0: Pin nid=26 seq=1
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hdaa0: Pin nid=25 seq=15
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Each
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.Xr pcm 4
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device uses two associations: one for playback and one for recording.
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Associations processed and assigned to
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.Xr pcm 4
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devices in increasing numerical order.
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In this case association #0 (1) will become
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.Li pcm0
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device playback, using the internal speakers and
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.Ar Headphones
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jack with speaker automute on the headphones jack connection.
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Association #1 (2) will become
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.Li pcm1
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playback, using the
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.Ar Line-out
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jack.
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Association #2 (3) will become
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.Li pcm0
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recording, using the external microphones and the
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.Ar Line-in
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jack.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver provides extensive verbose messages to diagnose its operation
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logic and describe its current codec configuration.
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.Pp
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Using
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.Xr device.hints 5
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it is possible to modify the configuration of the existing pins,
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allowing a broad range of different audio setups.
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Here are a few examples of some setups possible for this particular
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hardware:
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.Ss Example 1
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Setting the
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.Xr device.hints 5
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options
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.Bd -literal
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hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1"
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hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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will swap line-out and speaker functions.
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So the
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.Li pcm0
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device will play to the line-out and headphones jacks.
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Line-out will be muted on the headphones jack connection.
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Recording on
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.Li pcm0
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will go from two external microphones and line-in jacks.
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.Li pcm1
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playback will go to the internal speaker.
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.Ss Example 2
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Setting the
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.Xr device.hints 5
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options
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.Bd -literal
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hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=15 device=Headphones"
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hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=2 seq=0"
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|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
will split the headphones and one of the microphones to a separate device.
|
|
The
|
|
.Li pcm0
|
|
device will play to the internal speaker and to the line-out jack, with
|
|
speaker automute on the line-out jack connection.
|
|
Recording on
|
|
.Li pcm0
|
|
will use input from one external microphone and the line-in jacks.
|
|
The
|
|
.Li pcm1
|
|
device will be completely dedicated to a headset (headphones and mic)
|
|
connected to the front connectors.
|
|
.Ss Example 3
|
|
Setting the
|
|
.Xr device.hints 5
|
|
options
|
|
.Bd -literal
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=2 seq=0"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=3 seq=0"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=5 seq=0 device=Line-out"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=6 seq=0"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
will give 4 independent devices:
|
|
.Li pcm0
|
|
.Pq line-out and line-in ,
|
|
.Li pcm1
|
|
.Pq headphones and mic ,
|
|
.Li pcm2
|
|
.Pq additional line-out via retasked rear mic jack ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Li pcm3
|
|
.Pq internal speaker .
|
|
.Ss Example 4
|
|
Setting the
|
|
.Xr device.hints 5
|
|
options
|
|
.Bd -literal
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=1 seq=1 device=Line-out"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=1 seq=2 device=Line-out"
|
|
hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2 seq=0"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
will give 2 devices:
|
|
.Li pcm0
|
|
for 5.1 playback via 3 rear connectors (line-out and retasked
|
|
mic and line-in) and headset (headphones and mic) at front connectors.
|
|
.Li pcm1
|
|
for internal speaker playback.
|
|
On headphones connection rear connectors will be muted.
|
|
.Sh MIXER CONTROLS
|
|
Depending on codec configuration, these controls and signal sources could be
|
|
reported to
|
|
.Xr sound 4 :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Va speaker" -offset indent
|
|
.It Va vol
|
|
overall output level (volume)
|
|
.It Va rec
|
|
overall recording level
|
|
.It Va igain
|
|
input-to-output monitoring loopback level
|
|
.It Va ogain
|
|
external amplifier control
|
|
.It Va pcm
|
|
PCM playback
|
|
.It Va mix
|
|
input mix
|
|
.It Va mic
|
|
first external or second internal microphone input
|
|
.It Va monitor
|
|
first internal or second external microphone input
|
|
.It Va line , Va line1 , Va line2, Va line3
|
|
analog (line) inputs
|
|
.It Va dig1 , Va dig2 , Va dig3
|
|
digital (S/PDIF, HDMI or DisplayPort) inputs
|
|
.It Va cd
|
|
CD input
|
|
.It Va speaker
|
|
PC speaker input
|
|
.It Va phin , Va phout , Va radio . Va video
|
|
other random inputs
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Controls have different precision.
|
|
Some could be just an on/off triggers.
|
|
Most of controls use logarithmic scale.
|
|
.Sh HARDWARE
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver supports controllers having PCI class 4 (multimedia) and
|
|
subclass 3 (HDA), compatible with Intel HDA specification.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver supports more than two hundred different controllers and CODECs.
|
|
There is no sense to list all of them here, as in most cases specific CODEC
|
|
configuration and wiring are more important then type of the CODEC itself.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr snd_ich 4 ,
|
|
.Xr sound 4 ,
|
|
.Xr device.hints 5 ,
|
|
.Xr loader.conf 5 ,
|
|
.Xr sysctl 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
device driver first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 6.3 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An -nosplit
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver was written by
|
|
.An Stephane E. Potvin Aq Mt sepotvin@videotron.ca ,
|
|
.An Ariff Abdullah Aq Mt ariff@FreeBSD.org
|
|
and
|
|
.An Alexander Motin Aq Mt mav@FreeBSD.org .
|
|
This manual page was written by
|
|
.An Joel Dahl Aq Mt joel@FreeBSD.org ,
|
|
.An Alexander Motin Aq Mt mav@FreeBSD.org
|
|
and
|
|
.An Giorgos Keramidas Aq Mt keramida@FreeBSD.org .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Some Hardware/OEM vendors tend to screw up BIOS settings or use custom
|
|
unusual CODEC wiring that create problems to the driver.
|
|
This may result in missing pcm devices, or a state where the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver seems to attach and work, but no sound is played.
|
|
Some cases can be solved by tuning
|
|
.Pa loader.conf
|
|
variables.
|
|
But before trying to fix problem that way, make sure that there really is
|
|
a problem and that the PCM audio device in use really corresponds to the
|
|
expected audio connector.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Some vendors use non-standardized General Purpose I/O (GPIO) pins of the codec
|
|
to control external amplifiers.
|
|
In some cases setting a combination of GPIO bits may be needed to make
|
|
sound work on a specific device.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
HDMI and DisplayPort audio may also require support from video driver.
|