409 lines
11 KiB
Groff
409 lines
11 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)tset.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd June 9, 1993
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.Dt TSET 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm tset ,
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.Nm reset
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.Nd terminal initialization
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl IQrSs
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.Op Fl
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.Op Fl e Ar ch
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.Op Fl i Ar ch
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.Op Fl k Ar ch
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.Op Fl m Ar mapping
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.Op Ar terminal
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.Nm reset
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.Op Fl IQrSs
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.Op Fl
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.Op Fl e Ar ch
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.Op Fl i Ar ch
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.Op Fl k Ar ch
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.Op Fl m Ar mapping
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.Op Ar terminal
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility initializes terminals.
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It first determines the type of terminal that you are using.
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This determination is done as follows, using the first terminal type found.
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.Pp
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.Bl -bullet -compact -offset indent
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.It
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The
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.Ar terminal
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argument specified on the command line.
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.It
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The value of the
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.Ev TERM
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environment variable.
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.It
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The terminal type associated with the standard error output device in the
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.Pa /etc/ttys
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file.
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.It
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The default terminal type, ``unknown''.
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.El
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.Pp
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If the terminal type was not specified on the command-line, the
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.Fl m
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option mappings are then applied (see below for more information).
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Then, if the terminal type begins with a question mark (``?''), the user is
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prompted for confirmation of the terminal type.
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An empty response confirms the type, or, another type can be entered to
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specify a new type.
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Once the terminal type has been determined, the termcap entry for the terminal
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is retrieved.
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If no termcap entry is found for the type, the user is prompted for another
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terminal type.
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.Pp
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Once the termcap entry is retrieved, the window size, backspace, interrupt
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and line kill characters (among many other things) are set and the terminal
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and tab initialization strings are sent to the standard error output.
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Finally, if the erase, interrupt and line kill characters have changed,
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or are not set to their default values, their values are displayed to the
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standard error output.
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.Pp
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When invoked as
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.Nm reset ,
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.Nm
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sets cooked and echo modes, turns off cbreak and raw modes, turns on
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newline translation and resets any unset special characters to their
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default values before doing the terminal initialization described above.
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This is useful after a program dies leaving a terminal in an abnormal state.
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Note, you may have to type
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.Dq Li <LF>reset<LF>
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(the line-feed character is normally control-J) to get the terminal
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to work, as carriage-return may no longer work in the abnormal state.
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Also, the terminal will often not echo the command.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl
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The terminal type is displayed to the standard output, and the terminal is
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not initialized in any way.
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.It Fl e
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Set the erase character to
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.Ar ch .
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.It Fl I
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Do not send the terminal or tab initialization strings to the terminal.
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.It Fl i
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Set the interrupt character to
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.Ar ch .
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.It Fl k
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Set the line kill character to
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.Ar ch .
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.It Fl m
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Specify a mapping from a port type to a terminal.
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See below for more information.
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.It Fl Q
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Do not display any values for the erase, interrupt and line kill characters.
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.It Fl r
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Print the terminal type to the standard error output.
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.It Fl S
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Print the terminal type and the termcap entry to the standard output.
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See the section below on setting the environment for details.
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.It Fl s
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Print the sequence of shell commands to initialize the environment variables
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.Ev TERM
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and
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.Ev TERMCAP
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to the standard output.
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See the section below on setting the environment for details.
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.El
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.Pp
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The arguments for the
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.Fl e ,
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.Fl i
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and
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.Fl k
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options may either be entered as actual characters or by using the
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.Dq hat
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notation, i.e., control-h may be specified as
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.Dq Li ^H
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or
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.Dq Li ^h .
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.Sh SETTING THE ENVIRONMENT
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It is often desirable to enter the terminal type and information about
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the terminal's capabilities into the shell's environment.
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This is done using the
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.Fl S
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and
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.Fl s
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options.
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.Pp
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When the
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.Fl S
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option is specified, the terminal type and the termcap entry are written
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to the standard output, separated by a space and without a terminating
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newline.
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This can be assigned to an array by
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.Nm csh
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and
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.Nm ksh
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users and then used like any other shell array.
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.Pp
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When the
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.Fl s
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option is specified, the commands to enter the information into the
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shell's environment are written to the standard output.
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If the
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.Ev SHELL
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environment variable ends in ``csh'', the commands are for the
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.Nm csh ,
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otherwise, they are for
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.Xr sh 1 .
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Note, the
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.Nm csh
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commands set and unset the shell variable
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.Dq noglob ,
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leaving it unset.
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The following line in the
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.Pa .login
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or
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.Pa .profile
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files will initialize the environment correctly:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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eval \`tset -s options ... \`
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.Ed
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.Pp
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To demonstrate a simple use of the
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.Fl S
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option, the following lines in the
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.Pa .login
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file have an equivalent effect:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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set noglob
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set term=(`tset -S options ...`)
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setenv TERM $term[1]
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setenv TERMCAP "$term[2]"
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unset term
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unset noglob
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.Ed
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.Sh TERMINAL TYPE MAPPING
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When the terminal is not hardwired into the system (or the current system
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information is incorrect) the terminal type derived from the
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.Pa /etc/ttys
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file or the
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.Ev TERM
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environment variable is often something generic like
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.Dq network ,
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.Dq dialup ,
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or
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.Dq unknown .
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When
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.Nm
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is used in a startup script
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.Pf ( Pa .profile
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for
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.Xr sh 1
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users or
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.Pa .login
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for
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.Xr csh 1
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users) it is often desirable to provide information about the type of
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terminal used on such ports.
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The purpose of the
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.Fl m
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option is to
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.Dq map
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from some set of conditions to a terminal type, that is, to
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tell
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.Nm
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``If I'm on this port at a particular speed, guess that I'm on that
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kind of terminal''.
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.Pp
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The argument to the
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.Fl m
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option consists of an optional port type, an optional operator, an optional
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baud rate specification, an optional colon (``:'') character and a terminal
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type.
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The port type is a string (delimited by either the operator or the colon
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character).
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The operator may be any combination of:
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.Dq Li \&> ,
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.Dq Li \&< ,
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.Dq Li \&@ ,
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and
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.Dq Li \&! ;
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.Dq Li \&>
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means greater than,
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.Dq Li \&<
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means less than,
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.Dq Li \&@
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means equal to
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and
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.Dq Li !\&
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inverts the sense of the test.
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The baud rate is specified as a number and is compared with the speed
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of the standard error output (which should be the control terminal).
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The terminal type is a string.
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.Pp
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If the terminal type is not specified on the command line, the
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.Fl m
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mappings are applied to the terminal type.
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If the port type and baud rate match the mapping, the terminal type specified
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in the mapping replaces the current type.
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If more than one mapping is specified, the first applicable mapping is used.
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.Pp
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For example, consider the following mapping:
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.Dq Li dialup>9600:vt100 .
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The port type is
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.Dq Li dialup ,
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the operator is
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.Dq Li > ,
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the baud rate specification is
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.Dq Li 9600 ,
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and the terminal type is
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.Dq Li vt100 .
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The result of this mapping is to specify that if the terminal type is
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.Dq Li dialup ,
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and the baud rate is greater than 9600 baud, a terminal type of
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.Dq Li vt100
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will be used.
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.Pp
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If no port type is specified, the terminal type will match any port type,
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for example,
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.Dq Li -m dialup:vt100 -m :?xterm
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will cause any dialup port, regardless of baud rate, to match the terminal
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type
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.Dq Li vt100 ,
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and any non-dialup port type to match the terminal type
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.Dq Li ?xterm .
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Note, because of the leading question mark, the user will be
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queried on a default port as to whether they are actually using an
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.Ar xterm
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terminal.
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.Pp
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No whitespace characters are permitted in the
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.Fl m
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option argument.
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Also, to avoid problems with metacharacters, it is suggested that the entire
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.Fl m
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option argument be placed within single quote characters, and that
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.Nm csh
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users insert a backslash character (``\e'') before any exclamation
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marks (``!'').
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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The
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.Nm
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command utilizes the
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.Ev SHELL
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and
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.Ev TERM
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environment variables.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/termcap -compact
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.It Pa /etc/ttys
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system port name to terminal type mapping database
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.It Pa /usr/share/misc/termcap
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terminal capability database
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.El
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.Sh COMPATIBILITY
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The
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.Fl A ,
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.Fl E ,
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.Fl h ,
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.Fl u
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and
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.Fl v
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options have been deleted from the
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.Nm
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utility.
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None of them were documented in
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.Bx 4.3
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and all are of limited utility at
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best.
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The
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.Fl a ,
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.Fl d
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and
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.Fl p
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options are similarly not documented or useful, but were retained as they
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appear to be in widespread use.
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It is strongly recommended that any usage of these three options be
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changed to use the
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.Fl m
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option instead.
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The
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.Fl n
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option remains, but has no effect.
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It is still permissible to specify the
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.Fl e ,
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.Fl i
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and
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.Fl k
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options without arguments, although it is strongly recommended that such
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usage be fixed to explicitly specify the character.
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.Pp
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Executing
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.Nm
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as
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.Nm reset
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no longer implies the
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.Fl Q
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option.
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Also, the interaction between the
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.Fl
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option and the
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.Ar terminal
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argument in some historic implementations of
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.Nm
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has been removed.
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.Pp
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Finally, the
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.Nm
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implementation has been completely redone (as part of the addition to the
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system of a
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.St -p1003.1-88
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compliant terminal interface) and will no longer compile on systems with
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older terminal interfaces.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr csh 1 ,
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.Xr sh 1 ,
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.Xr stty 1 ,
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.Xr tty 4 ,
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.Xr termcap 5 ,
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.Xr ttys 5 ,
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.Xr environ 7
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.Bx 3.0 .
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