1205 lines
33 KiB
Groff
1205 lines
33 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" MAN PAGE COMMENTS to
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.\"
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.\" Chet Ramey
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.\" Information Network Services
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.\" Case Western Reserve University
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.\" chet@ins.CWRU.Edu
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.\"
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.\" Last Change: Thu Dec 31 10:16:30 EST 1998
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.\"
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.TH READLINE 3 "1998 Dec 31" GNU
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.\"
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.\" File Name macro. This used to be `.PN', for Path Name,
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.\" but Sun doesn't seem to like that very much.
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.\"
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.de FN
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\fI\|\\$1\|\fP
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..
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.SH NAME
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readline \- get a line from a user with editing
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.LP
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.nf
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.ft B
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <readline/readline.h>
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#include <readline/history.h>
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.ft
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.fi
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.LP
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.nf
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.ft B
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char *readline (prompt)
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char *prompt;
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.ft
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.fi
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.SH COPYRIGHT
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.if n Readline is Copyright (C) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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.if t Readline is Copyright \(co 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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.B readline
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will read a line from the terminal
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and return it, using
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.B prompt
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as a prompt. If
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.B prompt
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is null, no prompt is issued. The line returned is allocated with
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.IR malloc (3),
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so the caller must free it when finished. The line returned
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has the final newline removed, so only the text of the line
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remains.
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.LP
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.B readline
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offers editing capabilities while the user is entering the
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line.
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By default, the line editing commands
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are similar to those of emacs.
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A vi\-style line editing interface is also available.
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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.LP
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.B readline
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returns the text of the line read. A blank line
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returns the empty string. If
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.B EOF
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is encountered while reading a line, and the line is empty,
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.B NULL
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is returned. If an
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.B EOF
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is read with a non\-empty line, it is
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treated as a newline.
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.SH NOTATION
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.LP
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An emacs-style notation is used to denote
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keystrokes. Control keys are denoted by C\-\fIkey\fR, e.g., C\-n
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means Control\-N. Similarly,
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.I meta
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keys are denoted by M\-\fIkey\fR, so M\-x means Meta\-X. (On keyboards
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without a
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.I meta
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key, M\-\fIx\fP means ESC \fIx\fP, i.e., press the Escape key
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then the
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.I x
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key. This makes ESC the \fImeta prefix\fP.
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The combination M\-C\-\fIx\fP means ESC\-Control\-\fIx\fP,
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or press the Escape key
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then hold the Control key while pressing the
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.I x
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key.)
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.PP
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Readline commands may be given numeric
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.IR arguments ,
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which normally act as a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the
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sign of the argument that is significant. Passing a negative argument
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to a command that acts in the forward direction (e.g., \fBkill\-line\fP)
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causes that command to act in a backward direction. Commands whose
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behavior with arguments deviates from this are noted.
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.PP
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When a command is described as \fIkilling\fP text, the text
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deleted is saved for possible future retrieval
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(\fIyanking\fP). The killed text is saved in a
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\fIkill ring\fP. Consecutive kills cause the text to be
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accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
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Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text
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on the kill ring.
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.SH INITIALIZATION FILE
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.LP
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Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization
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file (the \fIinputrc\fP file).
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The name of this file is taken from the value of the
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.B INPUTRC
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environment variable. If that variable is unset, the default is
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.IR ~/.inputrc .
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When a program which uses the readline library starts up, the
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init file is read, and the key bindings and variables are set.
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There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the
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readline init file. Blank lines are ignored.
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Lines beginning with a \fB#\fP are comments.
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Lines beginning with a \fB$\fP indicate conditional constructs.
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Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
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Each program using this library may add its own commands
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and bindings.
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.PP
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For example, placing
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.RS
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.PP
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M\-Control\-u: universal\-argument
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.RE
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or
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.RS
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C\-Meta\-u: universal\-argument
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.RE
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into the
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.I inputrc
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would make M\-C\-u execute the readline command
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.IR universal\-argument .
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.PP
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The following symbolic character names are recognized while
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processing key bindings:
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.IR RUBOUT ,
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.IR DEL ,
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.IR ESC ,
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.IR LFD ,
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.IR NEWLINE ,
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.IR RET ,
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.IR RETURN ,
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.IR SPC ,
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.IR SPACE ,
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and
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.IR TAB .
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In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound
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to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a \fImacro\fP).
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.PP
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.SS Key Bindings
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.PP
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The syntax for controlling key bindings in the
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.I inputrc
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file is simple. All that is required is the name of the
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command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which
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it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
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as a symbolic key name, possibly with \fIMeta\-\fP or \fIControl\-\fP
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prefixes, or as a key sequence.
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When using the form \fBkeyname\fP:\^\fIfunction-name\fP or \fImacro\fP,
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.I keyname
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is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example:
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.sp
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.RS
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Control\-u: universal\-argument
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.br
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Meta\-Rubout: backward\-kill\-word
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.br
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Control\-o: ">&output"
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.RE
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.LP
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In the above example,
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.I C\-u
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is bound to the function
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.BR universal\-argument ,
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.I M-DEL
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is bound to the function
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.BR backward\-kill\-word ,
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and
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.I C\-o
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is bound to run the macro
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expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text
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.I >&output
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into the line).
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.PP
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In the second form, \fB"keyseq"\fP:\^\fIfunction\-name\fP or \fImacro\fP,
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.B keyseq
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differs from
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.B keyname
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above in that strings denoting
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an entire key sequence may be specified by placing the sequence
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within double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key escapes can be
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used, as in the following example.
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.sp
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.RS
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"\eC\-u": universal\-argument
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.br
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"\eC\-x\eC\-r": re\-read\-init\-file
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.br
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"\ee[11~": "Function Key 1"
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.RE
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.PP
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In this example,
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.I C-u
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is again bound to the function
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.BR universal\-argument .
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.I "C-x C-r"
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is bound to the function
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.BR re\-read\-init\-file ,
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and
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.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~"
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is bound to insert the text
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.BR "Function Key 1" .
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The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
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.RS
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.PD 0
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.TP
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.B \eC\-
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control prefix
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.TP
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.B \eM\-
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meta prefix
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.TP
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.B \ee
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an escape character
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.TP
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.B \e\e
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backslash
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.TP
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.B \e"
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literal "
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.TP
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.B \e'
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literal '
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.RE
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.PD
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.PP
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In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second
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set of backslash escapes is available:
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.RS
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.PD 0
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.TP
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.B \ea
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alert (bell)
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.TP
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.B \eb
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backspace
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.TP
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.B \ed
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delete
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.TP
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.B \ef
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form feed
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.TP
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.B \en
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newline
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.TP
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.B \er
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carriage return
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.TP
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.B \et
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horizontal tab
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.TP
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.B \ev
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vertical tab
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.TP
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.B \e\fInnn\fP
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the character whose ASCII code is the octal value \fInnn\fP
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(one to three digits)
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.TP
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.B \ex\fInnn\fP
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the character whose ASCII code is the hexadecimal value \fInnn\fP
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(one to three digits)
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.RE
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.PD
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.PP
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When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes should
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be used to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text
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is assumed to be a function name.
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In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded.
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Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text,
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including " and '.
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.PP
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.B Bash
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allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modified
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with the
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.B bind
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builtin command. The editing mode may be switched during interactive
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use by using the
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.B \-o
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option to the
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.B set
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builtin command. Other programs using this library provide
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similar mechanisms. The
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.I inputrc
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file may be edited and re-read if a program does not provide
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any other means to incorporate new bindings.
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.SS Variables
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.PP
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Readline has variables that can be used to further customize its
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behavior. A variable may be set in the
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.I inputrc
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file with a statement of the form
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.RS
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.PP
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\fBset\fP \fIvariable\-name\fP \fIvalue\fP
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.RE
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.PP
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Except where noted, readline variables can take the values
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.B On
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or
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.BR Off .
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The variables and their default values are:
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.PP
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.PD 0
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.TP
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.B bell\-style (audible)
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Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal bell.
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If set to \fBnone\fP, readline never rings the bell. If set to
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\fBvisible\fP, readline uses a visible bell if one is available.
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If set to \fBaudible\fP, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
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.TP
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.B comment\-begin (``#'')
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The string that is inserted in \fBvi\fP mode when the
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.B insert\-comment
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command is executed.
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This command is bound to
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.B M\-#
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in emacs mode and to
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.B #
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in vi command mode.
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.TP
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.B completion\-ignore\-case (Off)
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If set to \fBOn\fP, readline performs filename matching and completion
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in a case\-insensitive fashion.
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.TP
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.B completion\-query\-items (100)
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This determines when the user is queried about viewing
|
|
the number of possible completions
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generated by the \fBpossible\-completions\fP command.
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It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to
|
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zero. If the number of possible completions is greater than
|
|
or equal to the value of this variable, the user is asked whether
|
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or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are simply listed
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on the terminal.
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.TP
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.B convert\-meta (On)
|
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If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will convert characters with the
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eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence
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by stripping the eighth bit and prepending an
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escape character (in effect, using escape as the \fImeta prefix\fP).
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.TP
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.B disable\-completion (Off)
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If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion
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characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
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mapped to \fBself-insert\fP.
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.TP
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.B editing\-mode (emacs)
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Controls whether readline begins with a set of key bindings similar
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to \fIemacs\fP or \fIvi\fP.
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.B editing\-mode
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can be set to either
|
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.B emacs
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or
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.BR vi .
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.TP
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.B enable\-keypad (Off)
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When set to \fBOn\fP, readline will try to enable the application
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keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
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arrow keys.
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.TP
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.B expand\-tilde (Off)
|
|
If set to \fBon\fP, tilde expansion is performed when readline
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attempts word completion.
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.TP
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.B horizontal\-scroll\-mode (Off)
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When set to \fBOn\fP, makes readline use a single line for display,
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scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
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becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a new line.
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.TP
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.B input\-meta (Off)
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If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is,
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it will not strip the high bit from the characters it reads),
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regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
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.B meta\-flag
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is a synonym for this variable.
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.TP
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.B isearch\-terminators (``C\-[C\-J'')
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The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
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|
search without subsequently executing the character as a command.
|
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If this variable has not been given a value, the characters
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\fIESC\fP and \fIC\-J\fP will terminate an incremental search.
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.TP
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.B keymap (emacs)
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Set the current readline keymap. The set of legal keymap names is
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\fIemacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,
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vi-command\fP, and
|
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.IR vi-insert .
|
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\fIvi\fP is equivalent to \fIvi-command\fP; \fIemacs\fP is
|
|
equivalent to \fIemacs-standard\fP. The default value is
|
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.IR emacs ;
|
|
the value of
|
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.B editing\-mode
|
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also affects the default keymap.
|
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.TP
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.B mark\-directories (On)
|
|
If set to \fBOn\fP, complete<d directory names have a slash
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appended.
|
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.TP
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|
.B mark\-modified\-lines (Off)
|
|
If set to \fBOn\fP, history lines that have been modified are displayed
|
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with a preceding asterisk (\fB*\fP).
|
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.TP
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|
.B output\-meta (Off)
|
|
If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display characters with the
|
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eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
|
|
sequence.
|
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.TP
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.B print\-completions\-horizontally (Off)
|
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If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display completions with matches
|
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sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen.
|
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.TP
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.B show\-all\-if\-ambiguous (Off)
|
|
This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If
|
|
set to
|
|
.BR on ,
|
|
words which have more than one possible completion cause the
|
|
matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B visible\-stats (Off)
|
|
If set to \fBOn\fP, a character denoting a file's type as reported
|
|
by \fBstat\fP(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible
|
|
completions.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Conditional Constructs
|
|
.PP
|
|
Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
|
|
compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key
|
|
bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result
|
|
of tests. There are four parser directives used.
|
|
.IP \fB$if\fP
|
|
The
|
|
.B $if
|
|
construct allows bindings to be made based on the
|
|
editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
|
|
readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line;
|
|
no characters are required to isolate it.
|
|
.RS
|
|
.IP \fBmode\fP
|
|
The \fBmode=\fP form of the \fB$if\fP directive is used to test
|
|
whether readline is in emacs or vi mode.
|
|
This may be used in conjunction
|
|
with the \fBset keymap\fP command, for instance, to set bindings in
|
|
the \fIemacs-standard\fP and \fIemacs-ctlx\fP keymaps only if
|
|
readline is starting out in emacs mode.
|
|
.IP \fBterm\fP
|
|
The \fBterm=\fP form may be used to include terminal-specific
|
|
key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the
|
|
terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the
|
|
.B =
|
|
is tested against the full name of the terminal and the portion
|
|
of the terminal name before the first \fB\-\fP. This allows
|
|
.I sun
|
|
to match both
|
|
.I sun
|
|
and
|
|
.IR sun\-cmd ,
|
|
for instance.
|
|
.IP \fBapplication\fP
|
|
The \fBapplication\fP construct is used to include
|
|
application-specific settings. Each program using the readline
|
|
library sets the \fIapplication name\fP, and an initialization
|
|
file can test for a particular value.
|
|
This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for
|
|
a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a
|
|
key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in Bash:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.RS
|
|
.nf
|
|
\fB$if\fP bash
|
|
# Quote the current or previous word
|
|
"\eC-xq": "\eeb\e"\eef\e""
|
|
\fB$endif\fP
|
|
.fi
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RE
|
|
.IP \fB$endif\fP
|
|
This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an
|
|
\fB$if\fP command.
|
|
.IP \fB$else\fP
|
|
Commands in this branch of the \fB$if\fP directive are executed if
|
|
the test fails.
|
|
.IP \fB$include\fP
|
|
This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands
|
|
and bindings from that file. For example, the following directive
|
|
would read \fI/etc/inputrc\fP:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.RS
|
|
.nf
|
|
\fB$include\fP \^ \fI/etc/inputrc\fP
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|
.fi
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH SEARCHING
|
|
.PP
|
|
Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
|
|
for lines containing a specified string.
|
|
There are two search modes:
|
|
.I incremental
|
|
and
|
|
.IR non-incremental .
|
|
.PP
|
|
Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
|
|
search string.
|
|
As each character of the search string is typed, readline displays
|
|
the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far.
|
|
An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to
|
|
find the desired history entry.
|
|
The characters present in the value of the \fIisearch-terminators\fP
|
|
variable are used to terminate an incremental search.
|
|
If that variable has not been assigned a value the Escape and
|
|
Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
|
|
Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
|
|
line.
|
|
When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
|
|
search string becomes the current line.
|
|
To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
|
|
Control-R as appropriate.
|
|
This will search backward or forward in the history for the next
|
|
line matching the search string typed so far.
|
|
Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate
|
|
the search and execute that command.
|
|
For instance, a \fInewline\fP will terminate the search and accept
|
|
the line, thereby executing the command from the history list.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
|
|
to search for matching history lines. The search string may be
|
|
typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
|
|
.SH EDITING COMMANDS
|
|
.PP
|
|
The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
|
|
key sequences to which they are bound.
|
|
Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default.
|
|
.SS Commands for Moving
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B beginning\-of\-line (C\-a)
|
|
Move to the start of the current line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B end\-of\-line (C\-e)
|
|
Move to the end of the line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B forward\-char (C\-f)
|
|
Move forward a character.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backward\-char (C\-b)
|
|
Move back a character.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B forward\-word (M\-f)
|
|
Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
|
|
alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backward\-word (M\-b)
|
|
Move back to the start of this, or the previous, word. Words are
|
|
composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B clear\-screen (C\-l)
|
|
Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
|
|
With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the
|
|
screen.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B redraw\-current\-line
|
|
Refresh the current line.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Commands for Manipulating the History
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B accept\-line (Newline, Return)
|
|
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is
|
|
non-empty, add it to the history list. If the line is a modified
|
|
history line, then restore the history line to its original state.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B previous\-history (C\-p)
|
|
Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in
|
|
the list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B next\-history (C\-n)
|
|
Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in the
|
|
list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B beginning\-of\-history (M\-<)
|
|
Move to the first line in the history.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B end\-of\-history (M\->)
|
|
Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently being
|
|
entered.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B reverse\-search\-history (C\-r)
|
|
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through
|
|
the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B forward\-search\-history (C\-s)
|
|
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through
|
|
the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B non\-incremental\-reverse\-search\-history (M\-p)
|
|
Search backward through the history starting at the current line
|
|
using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the user.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B non\-incremental\-forward\-search\-history (M\-n)
|
|
Search forward through the history using a non-incremental search
|
|
for a string supplied by the user.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B history\-search\-forward
|
|
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
|
|
between the start of the current line and the current cursor
|
|
position (the \fIpoint\fP).
|
|
This is a non-incremental search.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B history\-search\-backward
|
|
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
|
|
between the start of the current line and the point.
|
|
This is a non-incremental search.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B yank\-nth\-arg (M\-C\-y)
|
|
Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
|
|
the second word on the previous line) at point (the current
|
|
cursor position). With an argument
|
|
.IR n ,
|
|
insert the \fIn\fPth word from the previous command (the words
|
|
in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument
|
|
inserts the \fIn\fPth word from the end of the previous command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B
|
|
yank\-last\-arg (M\-.\^, M\-_\^)
|
|
Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word of
|
|
the previous history entry). With an argument,
|
|
behave exactly like \fByank\-nth\-arg\fP.
|
|
Successive calls to \fByank\-last\-arg\fP move back through the history
|
|
list, inserting the last argument of each line in turn.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Commands for Changing Text
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B delete\-char (C\-d)
|
|
Delete the character under the cursor. If point is at the
|
|
beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and
|
|
the last character typed was not bound to \fBBdelete\-char\fP, then return
|
|
.SM
|
|
.BR EOF .
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backward\-delete\-char (Rubout)
|
|
Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric argument,
|
|
save the deleted text on the kill ring.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B forward\-backward\-delete\-char
|
|
Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
|
|
end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
|
|
deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B quoted\-insert (C\-q, C\-v)
|
|
Add the next character that you type to the line verbatim. This is
|
|
how to insert characters like \fBC\-q\fP, for example.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B tab\-insert (M-TAB)
|
|
Insert a tab character.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B self\-insert (a,\ b,\ A,\ 1,\ !,\ ...)
|
|
Insert the character typed.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B transpose\-chars (C\-t)
|
|
Drag the character before point forward over the character at point.
|
|
Point moves forward as well. If point is at the end of the line, then
|
|
transpose the two characters before point. Negative arguments don't work.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B transpose\-words (M\-t)
|
|
Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in front of the cursor
|
|
moving the cursor over that word as well.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B upcase\-word (M\-u)
|
|
Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
|
|
uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B downcase\-word (M\-l)
|
|
Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
|
|
lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B capitalize\-word (M\-c)
|
|
Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
|
|
capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Killing and Yanking
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B kill\-line (C\-k)
|
|
Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backward\-kill\-line (C\-x Rubout)
|
|
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B unix\-line\-discard (C\-u)
|
|
Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line.
|
|
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
|
|
.\" There is no real difference between this and backward-kill-line
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B kill\-whole\-line
|
|
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where the
|
|
cursor is.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B kill\-word (M\-d)
|
|
Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between
|
|
words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same as
|
|
those used by \fBforward\-word\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backward\-kill\-word (M\-Rubout)
|
|
Kill the word behind the cursor. Word boundaries are the same as
|
|
those used by \fBbackward\-word\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B unix\-word\-rubout (C\-w)
|
|
Kill the word behind the cursor, using white space as a word boundary.
|
|
The word boundaries are different from
|
|
.BR backward\-kill\-word .
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B delete\-horizontal\-space (M\-\e)
|
|
Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B kill\-region
|
|
Kill the text between the point and \fImark\fP (saved cursor position).
|
|
This text is referred to as the \fIregion\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B copy\-region\-as\-kill
|
|
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B copy\-backward\-word
|
|
Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
|
|
The word boundaries are the same as \fBbackward\-word\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B copy\-forward\-word
|
|
Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
|
|
The word boundaries are the same as \fBforward\-word\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B yank (C\-y)
|
|
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at the cursor.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B yank\-pop (M\-y)
|
|
Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works following
|
|
.B yank
|
|
or
|
|
.BR yank\-pop .
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Numeric Arguments
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B digit\-argument (M\-0, M\-1, ..., M\-\-)
|
|
Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
|
|
argument. M\-\- starts a negative argument.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B universal\-argument
|
|
This is another way to specify an argument.
|
|
If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
|
|
leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
|
|
If the command is followed by digits, executing
|
|
.B universal\-argument
|
|
again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored.
|
|
As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a
|
|
character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count
|
|
for the next command is multiplied by four.
|
|
The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the
|
|
first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the
|
|
argument count sixteen, and so on.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Completing
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B complete (TAB)
|
|
Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
|
|
The actual completion performed is application-specific.
|
|
.BR Bash ,
|
|
for instance, attempts completion treating the text as a variable
|
|
(if the text begins with \fB$\fP), username (if the text begins with
|
|
\fB~\fP), hostname (if the text begins with \fB@\fP), or
|
|
command (including aliases and functions) in turn. If none
|
|
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
|
|
.BR Gdb ,
|
|
on the other hand,
|
|
allows completion of program functions and variables, and
|
|
only attempts filename completion under certain circumstances.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B possible\-completions (M\-?)
|
|
List the possible completions of the text before point.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B insert\-completions (M\-*)
|
|
Insert all completions of the text before point
|
|
that would have been generated by
|
|
\fBpossible\-completions\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B menu\-complete
|
|
Similar to \fBcomplete\fP, but replaces the word to be completed
|
|
with a single match from the list of possible completions.
|
|
Repeated execution of \fBmenu\-complete\fP steps through the list
|
|
of possible completions, inserting each match in turn.
|
|
At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung and the
|
|
original text is restored.
|
|
An argument of \fIn\fP moves \fIn\fP positions forward in the list
|
|
of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward
|
|
through the list.
|
|
This command is intended to be bound to \fBTAB\fP, but is unbound
|
|
by default.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B delete\-char\-or\-list
|
|
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
|
|
end of the line (like \fBdelete-char\fP).
|
|
If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
|
|
\fBpossible-completions\fP.
|
|
This command is unbound by default.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Keyboard Macros
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B start\-kbd\-macro (C\-x (\^)
|
|
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B end\-kbd\-macro (C\-x )\^)
|
|
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
|
|
and store the definition.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B call\-last\-kbd\-macro (C\-x e)
|
|
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
|
|
in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SS Miscellaneous
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B re\-read\-init\-file (C\-x C\-r)
|
|
Read in the contents of the \fIinputrc\fP file, and incorporate
|
|
any bindings or variable assignments found there.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B abort (C\-g)
|
|
Abort the current editing command and
|
|
ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
|
|
.BR bell\-style ).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B do\-uppercase\-version (M\-a, M\-b, M\-\fIx\fP, ...)
|
|
If the metafied character \fIx\fP is lowercase, run the command
|
|
that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prefix\-meta (ESC)
|
|
Metafy the next character typed.
|
|
.SM
|
|
.B ESC
|
|
.B f
|
|
is equivalent to
|
|
.BR Meta\-f .
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B undo (C\-_, C\-x C\-u)
|
|
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B revert\-line (M\-r)
|
|
Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
|
|
.B undo
|
|
command enough times to return the line to its initial state.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B tilde\-expand (M\-&)
|
|
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B set\-mark (C\-@, M-<space>)
|
|
Set the mark to the current point. If a
|
|
numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B exchange\-point\-and\-mark (C\-x C\-x)
|
|
Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
|
|
the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B character\-search (C\-])
|
|
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
|
|
character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B character\-search\-backward (M\-C\-])
|
|
A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence of that
|
|
character. A negative count searches for subsequent occurrences.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B insert\-comment (M\-#)
|
|
The value of the readline
|
|
.B comment\-begin
|
|
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line, and the line
|
|
is accepted as if a newline had been typed. This makes the current line
|
|
a shell comment.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B dump\-functions
|
|
Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
|
|
readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
|
|
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
|
|
of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B dump\-variables
|
|
Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
|
|
readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
|
|
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
|
|
of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B dump\-macros
|
|
Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
|
|
strings they ouput. If a numeric argument is supplied,
|
|
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
|
|
of an \fIinputrc\fP file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B emacs\-editing\-mode (C\-e)
|
|
When in
|
|
.B vi
|
|
editing mode, this causes a switch to
|
|
.B emacs
|
|
editing mode.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B vi\-editing\-mode (M\-C\-j)
|
|
When in
|
|
.B emacs
|
|
editing mode, this causes a switch to
|
|
.B vi
|
|
editing mode.
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SH DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS
|
|
.LP
|
|
The following is a list of the default emacs and vi bindings.
|
|
Characters with the 8th bit set are written as M\-<character>, and
|
|
are referred to as
|
|
.I metafied
|
|
characters.
|
|
The printable ASCII characters not mentioned in the list of emacs
|
|
standard bindings are bound to the
|
|
.I self\-insert
|
|
function, which just inserts the given character into the input line.
|
|
In vi insertion mode, all characters not specifically mentioned are
|
|
bound to
|
|
.IR self\-insert .
|
|
Characters assigned to signal generation by
|
|
.IR stty (1)
|
|
or the terminal driver, such as C-Z or C-C,
|
|
retain that function.
|
|
Upper and lower case
|
|
.I metafied
|
|
characters are bound to the same function in the emacs mode
|
|
meta keymap.
|
|
The remaining characters are unbound, which causes readline
|
|
to ring the bell (subject to the setting of the
|
|
.B bell\-style
|
|
variable).
|
|
.SS Emacs Mode
|
|
.RS +.6i
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ta 2.5i
|
|
.sp
|
|
Emacs Standard bindings
|
|
.sp
|
|
"C-@" set-mark
|
|
"C-A" beginning-of-line
|
|
"C-B" backward-char
|
|
"C-D" delete-char
|
|
"C-E" end-of-line
|
|
"C-F" forward-char
|
|
"C-G" abort
|
|
"C-H" backward-delete-char
|
|
"C-I" complete
|
|
"C-J" accept-line
|
|
"C-K" kill-line
|
|
"C-L" clear-screen
|
|
"C-M" accept-line
|
|
"C-N" next-history
|
|
"C-P" previous-history
|
|
"C-Q" quoted-insert
|
|
"C-R" reverse-search-history
|
|
"C-S" forward-search-history
|
|
"C-T" transpose-chars
|
|
"C-U" unix-line-discard
|
|
"C-V" quoted-insert
|
|
"C-W" unix-word-rubout
|
|
"C-Y" yank
|
|
"C-]" character-search
|
|
"C-_" undo
|
|
"\^ " to "/" self-insert
|
|
"0" to "9" self-insert
|
|
":" to "~" self-insert
|
|
"C-?" backward-delete-char
|
|
.PP
|
|
Emacs Meta bindings
|
|
.sp
|
|
"M-C-G" abort
|
|
"M-C-H" backward-kill-word
|
|
"M-C-I" tab-insert
|
|
"M-C-J" vi-editing-mode
|
|
"M-C-M" vi-editing-mode
|
|
"M-C-R" revert-line
|
|
"M-C-Y" yank-nth-arg
|
|
"M-C-[" complete
|
|
"M-C-]" character-search-backward
|
|
"M-space" set-mark
|
|
"M-#" insert-comment
|
|
"M-&" tilde-expand
|
|
"M-*" insert-completions
|
|
"M--" digit-argument
|
|
"M-." yank-last-arg
|
|
"M-0" digit-argument
|
|
"M-1" digit-argument
|
|
"M-2" digit-argument
|
|
"M-3" digit-argument
|
|
"M-4" digit-argument
|
|
"M-5" digit-argument
|
|
"M-6" digit-argument
|
|
"M-7" digit-argument
|
|
"M-8" digit-argument
|
|
"M-9" digit-argument
|
|
"M-<" beginning-of-history
|
|
"M-=" possible-completions
|
|
"M->" end-of-history
|
|
"M-?" possible-completions
|
|
"M-B" backward-word
|
|
"M-C" capitalize-word
|
|
"M-D" kill-word
|
|
"M-F" forward-word
|
|
"M-L" downcase-word
|
|
"M-N" non-incremental-forward-search-history
|
|
"M-P" non-incremental-reverse-search-history
|
|
"M-R" revert-line
|
|
"M-T" transpose-words
|
|
"M-U" upcase-word
|
|
"M-Y" yank-pop
|
|
"M-\e" delete-horizontal-space
|
|
"M-~" tilde-expand
|
|
"M-C-?" backward-delete-word
|
|
"M-_" yank-last-arg
|
|
.PP
|
|
Emacs Control-X bindings
|
|
.sp
|
|
"C-XC-G" abort
|
|
"C-XC-R" re-read-init-file
|
|
"C-XC-U" undo
|
|
"C-XC-X" exchange-point-and-mark
|
|
"C-X(" start-kbd-macro
|
|
"C-X)" end-kbd-macro
|
|
"C-XE" call-last-kbd-macro
|
|
"C-XC-?" backward-kill-line
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SS VI Mode bindings
|
|
.RS +.6i
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ta 2.5i
|
|
.sp
|
|
.PP
|
|
VI Insert Mode functions
|
|
.sp
|
|
"C-D" vi-eof-maybe
|
|
"C-H" backward-delete-char
|
|
"C-I" complete
|
|
"C-J" accept-line
|
|
"C-M" accept-line
|
|
"C-R" reverse-search-history
|
|
"C-S" forward-search-history
|
|
"C-T" transpose-chars
|
|
"C-U" unix-line-discard
|
|
"C-V" quoted-insert
|
|
"C-W" unix-word-rubout
|
|
"C-Y" yank
|
|
"C-[" vi-movement-mode
|
|
"C-_" undo
|
|
"\^ " to "~" self-insert
|
|
"C-?" backward-delete-char
|
|
.PP
|
|
VI Command Mode functions
|
|
.sp
|
|
"C-D" vi-eof-maybe
|
|
"C-E" emacs-editing-mode
|
|
"C-G" abort
|
|
"C-H" backward-char
|
|
"C-J" accept-line
|
|
"C-K" kill-line
|
|
"C-L" clear-screen
|
|
"C-M" accept-line
|
|
"C-N" next-history
|
|
"C-P" previous-history
|
|
"C-Q" quoted-insert
|
|
"C-R" reverse-search-history
|
|
"C-S" forward-search-history
|
|
"C-T" transpose-chars
|
|
"C-U" unix-line-discard
|
|
"C-V" quoted-insert
|
|
"C-W" unix-word-rubout
|
|
"C-Y" yank
|
|
"\^ " forward-char
|
|
"#" insert-comment
|
|
"$" end-of-line
|
|
"%" vi-match
|
|
"&" vi-tilde-expand
|
|
"*" vi-complete
|
|
"+" next-history
|
|
"," vi-char-search
|
|
"-" previous-history
|
|
"." vi-redo
|
|
"/" vi-search
|
|
"0" beginning-of-line
|
|
"1" to "9" vi-arg-digit
|
|
";" vi-char-search
|
|
"=" vi-complete
|
|
"?" vi-search
|
|
"A" vi-append-eol
|
|
"B" vi-prev-word
|
|
"C" vi-change-to
|
|
"D" vi-delete-to
|
|
"E" vi-end-word
|
|
"F" vi-char-search
|
|
"G" vi-fetch-history
|
|
"I" vi-insert-beg
|
|
"N" vi-search-again
|
|
"P" vi-put
|
|
"R" vi-replace
|
|
"S" vi-subst
|
|
"T" vi-char-search
|
|
"U" revert-line
|
|
"W" vi-next-word
|
|
"X" backward-delete-char
|
|
"Y" vi-yank-to
|
|
"\e" vi-complete
|
|
"^" vi-first-print
|
|
"_" vi-yank-arg
|
|
"`" vi-goto-mark
|
|
"a" vi-append-mode
|
|
"b" vi-prev-word
|
|
"c" vi-change-to
|
|
"d" vi-delete-to
|
|
"e" vi-end-word
|
|
"f" vi-char-search
|
|
"h" backward-char
|
|
"i" vi-insertion-mode
|
|
"j" next-history
|
|
"k" prev-history
|
|
"l" forward-char
|
|
"m" vi-set-mark
|
|
"n" vi-search-again
|
|
"p" vi-put
|
|
"r" vi-change-char
|
|
"s" vi-subst
|
|
"t" vi-char-search
|
|
"u" undo
|
|
"w" vi-next-word
|
|
"x" vi-delete
|
|
"y" vi-yank-to
|
|
"|" vi-column
|
|
"~" vi-change-case
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIThe Gnu Readline Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIThe Gnu History Library\fP, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIbash\fP(1)
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
.PD 0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.FN ~/.inputrc
|
|
Individual \fBreadline\fP initialization file
|
|
.PD
|
|
.SH AUTHORS
|
|
Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation (primary author)
|
|
.br
|
|
bfox@ai.MIT.Edu
|
|
.PP
|
|
Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
|
|
.br
|
|
chet@ins.CWRU.Edu
|
|
.SH BUG REPORTS
|
|
If you find a bug in
|
|
.B readline,
|
|
you should report it. But first, you should
|
|
make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
|
|
version of the
|
|
.B readline
|
|
library that you have.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, mail a
|
|
bug report to \fIbug\-readline\fP@\fIgnu.org\fP.
|
|
If you have a fix, you are welcome to mail that
|
|
as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed
|
|
to \fPbug-readline\fP@\fIgnu.org\fP or posted to the Usenet
|
|
newsgroup
|
|
.BR gnu.bash.bug .
|
|
.PP
|
|
Comments and bug reports concerning
|
|
this manual page should be directed to
|
|
.IR chet@ins.CWRU.Edu .
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
.PP
|
|
It's too big and too slow.
|