456c95b69d
Add an ability to set dumpdev via loader(8) tunable. MFC r272747: Revert r156046. We support setting dumpdev via loader tunable again. Also change default disk name to ada.
161 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
161 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" From: @(#)swapon.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd October 8, 2014
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.Dt DUMPON 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm dumpon
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.Nd "specify a device for crash dumps"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl v
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.Ar special_file
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.Nm
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.Op Fl v
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.Cm off
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.Nm
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.Op Fl v
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.Fl l
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility is used to specify a device where the kernel can save a crash
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dump in the case of a panic.
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.Pp
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Calls to
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.Nm
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normally occur from the system multi-user initialization file
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.Pa /etc/rc ,
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controlled by the
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.Dq dumpdev
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variable in the boot time configuration file
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf .
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.Pp
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The default type of kernel crash dump is the mini crash dump.
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Mini crash dumps hold only memory pages in use by the kernel.
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Alternatively, full memory dumps can be enabled by setting the
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.Va debug.minidump
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.Xr sysctl 8
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variable to 0.
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.Pp
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For systems using full memory dumps, the size of the specified dump
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device must be at
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least the size of physical memory.
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Even though an additional 64 kB header is added to the dump, the BIOS for a
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platform typically holds back some memory, so it is not usually
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necessary to size the dump device larger than the actual amount of RAM
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available in the machine.
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Also, when using full memory dumps, the
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.Nm
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utility will refuse to enable a dump device which is smaller than the
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total amount of physical memory as reported by the
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.Va hw.physmem
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.Xr sysctl 8
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variable.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl l
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flag causes
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.Nm
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to print the current dump device or _PATH_DEVNULL ("/dev/null") if no device is
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configured.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl v
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flag causes
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.Nm
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to be verbose about its activity.
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.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
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Since a
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.Xr panic 9
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condition may occur in a situation
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where the kernel cannot trust its internal representation
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of the state of any given file system,
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one of the system swap devices,
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and
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.Em not
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a device containing a file system,
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should be used as the dump device.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility operates by opening
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.Ar special_file
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and making a
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.Dv DIOCSKERNELDUMP
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.Xr ioctl 2
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request on it to save kernel crash dumps.
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If
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.Ar special_file
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is the text string:
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.Dq Li off ,
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.Nm
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performs a
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.Dv DIOCSKERNELDUMP
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.Xr ioctl 2
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on
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.Pa /dev/null
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and thus instructs the kernel not to save crash dumps.
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.Pp
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Since
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.Nm
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cannot be used during kernel initialization, the
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.Va dumpdev
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variable of
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.Xr loader 8
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must be used to enable dumps for system panics which occur
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during kernel initialization.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width "/dev/{ada,da}?s?b" -compact
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.It Pa /dev/{ada,da}?s?b
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standard swap areas
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.It Pa /etc/rc.conf
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boot-time system configuration
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fstab 5 ,
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.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
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.Xr config 8 ,
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.Xr init 8 ,
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.Xr loader 8 ,
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.Xr rc 8 ,
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.Xr savecore 8 ,
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.Xr swapon 8 ,
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.Xr panic 9
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Fx 2.1 .
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.Sh BUGS
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Because the file system layer is already dead by the time a crash dump
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is taken, it is not possible to send crash dumps directly to a file.
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