01cf73a5d3
While I didn't plan another upgrade, This version incorporate fixes from kevans@ so let's upgrade to it
243 lines
9.9 KiB
Plaintext
243 lines
9.9 KiB
Plaintext
.\"***************************************************************************
|
|
.\" Copyright 2018,2020 Thomas E. Dickey *
|
|
.\" Copyright 1998-2015,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
|
|
.\" *
|
|
.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
|
|
.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
|
|
.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
|
|
.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
|
|
.\" distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
|
|
.\" copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
|
|
.\" furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
|
|
.\" *
|
|
.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
|
|
.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
|
|
.\" *
|
|
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
|
|
.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
|
|
.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
|
|
.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
|
|
.\" DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
|
|
.\" OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
|
|
.\" THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
|
|
.\" *
|
|
.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
|
|
.\" holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
|
|
.\" sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
|
|
.\" authorization. *
|
|
.\"***************************************************************************
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $Id: curs_pad.3x,v 1.26 2020/02/02 23:34:34 tom Exp $
|
|
.de bP
|
|
.ie n .IP \(bu 4
|
|
.el .IP \(bu 2
|
|
..
|
|
.TH curs_pad 3X ""
|
|
.na
|
|
.hy 0
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
\fBnewpad\fR,
|
|
\fBsubpad\fR,
|
|
\fBprefresh\fR,
|
|
\fBpnoutrefresh\fR,
|
|
\fBpechochar\fR,
|
|
\fBpecho_wchar\fR \- create and display \fBcurses\fR pads
|
|
.ad
|
|
.hy
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
\fB#include <curses.h>\fR
|
|
.sp
|
|
\fBWINDOW *newpad(int \fP\fInlines\fP\fB, int \fP\fIncols\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
\fBWINDOW *subpad(WINDOW *\fP\fIorig\fP\fB, int \fP\fInlines\fP\fB, int \fP\fIncols\fP\fB,\fR
|
|
\fBint \fP\fIbegin_y\fP\fB, int \fP\fIbegin_x\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
\fBint prefresh(WINDOW *\fP\fIpad\fP\fB, int \fP\fIpminrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIpmincol\fP\fB,\fR
|
|
\fBint \fP\fIsminrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmincol\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmaxrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmaxcol\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
\fBint pnoutrefresh(WINDOW *\fP\fIpad\fP\fB, int \fP\fIpminrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIpmincol\fP\fB,\fR
|
|
\fBint \fP\fIsminrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmincol\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmaxrow\fP\fB, int \fP\fIsmaxcol\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
\fBint pechochar(WINDOW *\fP\fIpad\fP\fB, chtype \fP\fIch\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
\fBint pecho_wchar(WINDOW *\fP\fIpad\fP\fB, const cchar_t *\fP\fIwch\fP\fB);\fR
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
|
.SS newpad
|
|
The \fBnewpad\fR routine creates and returns a pointer to a new pad data
|
|
structure with the given number of lines, \fInlines\fR, and columns,
|
|
\fIncols\fR.
|
|
A pad is like a window, except that it is not restricted by the
|
|
screen size, and is not necessarily associated with a particular part of the
|
|
screen.
|
|
Pads can be used when a large window is needed, and only a part of the
|
|
window will be on the screen at one time.
|
|
Automatic refreshes of pads
|
|
(e.g., from scrolling or echoing of input) do not occur.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It is not
|
|
legal to call \fBwrefresh\fR with a \fIpad\fR as an argument; the routines
|
|
\fBprefresh\fR or \fBpnoutrefresh\fR should be called instead.
|
|
Note that these
|
|
routines require additional parameters to specify the part of the pad to be
|
|
displayed and the location on the screen to be used for the display.
|
|
.SS subpad
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBsubpad\fR routine creates and returns a pointer to a subwindow within a
|
|
pad with the given number of lines, \fInlines\fR, and columns, \fIncols\fR.
|
|
Unlike \fBsubwin\fR, which uses screen coordinates, the window is at position
|
|
(\fIbegin\fR_\fIx\fR\fB,\fR \fIbegin\fR_\fIy\fR) on the pad.
|
|
The window is
|
|
made in the middle of the window \fIorig\fR, so that changes made to one window
|
|
affect both windows.
|
|
During the use of this routine, it will often be
|
|
necessary to call \fBtouchwin\fR or \fBtouchline\fR on \fIorig\fR before
|
|
calling \fBprefresh\fR.
|
|
.SS prefresh, pnoutrefresh
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBprefresh\fR and \fBpnoutrefresh\fR routines are analogous to
|
|
\fBwrefresh\fR and \fBwnoutrefresh\fR except that they relate to pads instead
|
|
of windows.
|
|
The additional parameters are needed to indicate what part of the
|
|
pad and screen are involved.
|
|
.bP
|
|
The \fIpminrow\fR and \fIpmincol\fR parameters specify the upper
|
|
left-hand corner of the rectangle to be displayed in the pad.
|
|
.bP
|
|
The \fIsminrow\fR,
|
|
\fIsmincol\fR, \fIsmaxrow\fR, and \fIsmaxcol\fR
|
|
parameters specify the edges of the
|
|
rectangle to be displayed on the screen.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The lower right-hand corner of the
|
|
rectangle to be displayed in the pad is calculated from the screen coordinates,
|
|
since the rectangles must be the same size.
|
|
Both rectangles must be entirely
|
|
contained within their respective structures.
|
|
Negative values of
|
|
\fIpminrow\fR, \fIpmincol\fR, \fIsminrow\fR, or \fIsmincol\fR are treated as if
|
|
they were zero.
|
|
.SS pechochar
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBpechochar\fR routine is functionally equivalent to a call to \fBaddch\fR
|
|
followed by a call to \fBrefresh\fR(3X),
|
|
a call to \fBwaddch\fR followed by a call
|
|
to \fBwrefresh\fR, or a call to \fBwaddch\fR followed by a call to
|
|
\fBprefresh\fR.
|
|
The knowledge that only a single character is being output is
|
|
taken into consideration and, for non-control characters, a considerable
|
|
performance gain might be seen by using these routines instead of their
|
|
equivalents.
|
|
In the case of \fBpechochar\fR, the last location of the pad on
|
|
the screen is reused for the arguments to \fBprefresh\fR.
|
|
.SS pecho_wchar
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBpecho_wchar\fR function is the analogous wide-character
|
|
form of \fBpechochar\fR.
|
|
It outputs one character to a pad and immediately refreshes the pad.
|
|
It does this by a call to \fBwadd_wch\fR followed by a call to \fBprefresh\fR.
|
|
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
|
Routines that return an integer return \fBERR\fR upon failure and \fBOK\fR
|
|
(SVr4 only specifies "an integer value other than \fBERR\fR") upon successful
|
|
completion.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Routines that return pointers return \fBNULL\fR on error, and set \fBerrno\fR
|
|
to \fBENOMEM\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
X/Open does not define any error conditions.
|
|
In this implementation
|
|
.RS 3
|
|
.TP 5
|
|
\fBprefresh\fP and \fBpnoutrefresh\fP
|
|
return an error
|
|
if the window pointer is null, or
|
|
if the window is not really a pad or
|
|
if the area to refresh extends off-screen or
|
|
if the minimum coordinates are greater than the maximum.
|
|
.TP 5
|
|
\fBpechochar\fP
|
|
returns an error
|
|
if the window is not really a pad, and the associated call
|
|
to \fBwechochar\fP returns an error.
|
|
.TP 5
|
|
\fBpecho_wchar\fP
|
|
returns an error
|
|
if the window is not really a pad, and the associated call
|
|
to \fBwecho_wchar\fP returns an error.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.SH NOTES
|
|
Note that \fBpechochar\fR may be a macro.
|
|
.SH PORTABILITY
|
|
BSD curses has no \fIpad\fP feature.
|
|
.PP
|
|
SVr2 curses (1986) provided the \fBnewpad\fP and related functions,
|
|
documenting them in a single line each.
|
|
SVr3 (1987) provided more extensive documentation.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The documentation does not explain the term \fIpad\fP.
|
|
However, the Apollo \fIAegis\fP workstation operating system
|
|
supported a graphical \fIpad\fP feature:
|
|
.bP
|
|
These graphical pads could be much larger than the computer's display.
|
|
.bP
|
|
The read-only output from a command could be scrolled back to inspect,
|
|
and select text from the pad.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The two uses may be related.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these functions,
|
|
without significant change from the SVr3 documentation.
|
|
It describes no error conditions.
|
|
The behavior of \fBsubpad\fP if the parent window is not
|
|
a pad is undocumented,
|
|
and is not checked by the vendor Unix implementations:
|
|
.bP
|
|
SVr4 curses sets a flag in the \fBWINDOW\fP structure in \fBnewpad\fP
|
|
which tells if the window is a \fIpad\fP.
|
|
.IP
|
|
However, it uses this information only in
|
|
\fBwaddch\fP (to decide if it should call \fBwrefresh\fP) and
|
|
\fBwscrl\fP (to avoid scrolling a pad),
|
|
and does not check in \fBwrefresh\fP to ensure that the pad
|
|
is refreshed properly.
|
|
.bP
|
|
Solaris X/Open Curses checks if a window is a pad in \fBwnoutrefresh\fP,
|
|
returning \fBERR\fP in that case.
|
|
.IP
|
|
However, it only sets the flag for subwindows if the parent window is a pad.
|
|
Its \fBnewpad\fP function does not set this information.
|
|
Consequently, the check will never fail.
|
|
.IP
|
|
It makes no comparable check in \fBpnoutrefresh\fP,
|
|
though interestingly enough, a comment in the source code
|
|
states that the lack of a check was an MKS extension.
|
|
.bP
|
|
NetBSD 7 curses
|
|
sets a flag in the \fBWINDOW\fP structure for \fBnewpad\fP and \fBsubpad\fP,
|
|
using this to help with the distinction between \fBwnoutrefresh\fP
|
|
and \fBpnoutrefresh\fP.
|
|
.IP
|
|
It does not check for the case where a subwindow is created in
|
|
a pad using \fBsubwin\fP or \fBderwin\fP.
|
|
.IP
|
|
The \fBdupwin\fP function returns a regular window when duplicating a pad.
|
|
Likewise, \fBgetwin\fP always returns a window, even if the saved
|
|
data was from a pad.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This implementation
|
|
.bP
|
|
sets a flag in the \fBWINDOW\fP structure for \fBnewpad\fP and \fBsubpad\fP,
|
|
.bP
|
|
allows a \fBsubwin\fP or \fBderwin\fP call to succeed having a pad parent by
|
|
forcing the subwindow to be a pad,
|
|
.bP
|
|
checks in both \fBwnoutrefresh\fP and \fBpnoutrefresh\fP to ensure
|
|
that pads and windows are handled distinctly, and
|
|
.bP
|
|
ensures that \fBdupwin\fP and \fBgetwin\fP treat
|
|
pads versus windows consistently.
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
\fBcurses\fR(3X),
|
|
\fBcurs_refresh\fR(3X),
|
|
\fBcurs_touch\fR(3X),
|
|
\fBcurs_addch\fR(3X).
|