155 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
155 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
|
|
.\" Adam S. Moskowitz and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
|
|
.\" Engineers, Inc.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)paste.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd September 20, 2001
|
|
.Dt PASTE 1
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm paste
|
|
.Nd merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Fl s
|
|
.Op Fl d Ar list
|
|
.Ar
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files,
|
|
replacing all but the last file's newline characters with a single tab
|
|
character, and writes the resulting lines to standard output.
|
|
If end-of-file is reached on an input file while other input files
|
|
still contain data, the file is treated as if it were an endless source
|
|
of empty lines.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl
|
|
.It Fl d Ar list
|
|
Use one or more of the provided characters to replace the newline
|
|
characters instead of the default tab.
|
|
The characters in
|
|
.Ar list
|
|
are used circularly, i.e., when
|
|
.Ar list
|
|
is exhausted the first character from
|
|
.Ar list
|
|
is reused.
|
|
This continues until a line from the last input file (in default operation)
|
|
or the last line in each file (using the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
option) is displayed, at which
|
|
time
|
|
.Nm
|
|
begins selecting characters from the beginning of
|
|
.Ar list
|
|
again.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following special characters can also be used in list:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width flag -compact
|
|
.It Li \en
|
|
newline character
|
|
.It Li \et
|
|
tab character
|
|
.It Li \e\e
|
|
backslash character
|
|
.It Li \e0
|
|
Empty string (not a null character).
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Any other character preceded by a backslash is equivalent to the
|
|
character itself.
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
Concatenate all of the lines of each separate input file in command line
|
|
order.
|
|
The newline character of every line except the last line in each input
|
|
file is replaced with the tab character, unless otherwise specified by
|
|
the
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
option.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Sq Fl
|
|
is specified for one or more of the input files, the standard
|
|
input is used; standard input is read one line at a time, circularly,
|
|
for each instance of
|
|
.Sq Fl .
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
List the files in the current directory in three columns:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ls | paste - - -"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Combine pairs of lines from a file into single lines:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "paste -s -d '\et\en' myfile"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Number the lines in a file, similar to
|
|
.Xr nl 1 :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "sed = myfile | paste -s -d '\et\en' - -"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a colon-separated list of directories named
|
|
.Pa bin ,
|
|
suitable
|
|
for use in the
|
|
.Ev PATH
|
|
environment variable:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "find / -name bin -type d | paste -s -d : -"
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Ex -std
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr cut 1 ,
|
|
.Xr lam 1
|
|
.Sh STANDARDS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility is expected to be
|
|
.St -p1003.2
|
|
compatible.
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
A
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.At 32v .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Multibyte character delimiters cannot be specified with the
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
option.
|