ea8c7ac7d0
This is a greatly pared down version of the full gdb-4.12, all the config stuff has been removed and the supporting libraries have been stripped to a minimum. This is a 1.1.5 only port, I'll do a more complete port for 2.0 which will have all the config stuff and will install the gnu support libraries as system libraries like we do for readline. There wasn't much point for 1.1.5 since only gdb would use them so I went for saving space instead. For 2.0 I'll config all the other gnu tools to use them as well.
372 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
372 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Free Software Foundation
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.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution
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.\" $Id: gdb.1,v 1.1.1.1 1993/10/30 21:59:13 jkh Exp $
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.TH gdb 1 "4nov1991" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools"
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.SH NAME
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gdb \- The GNU Debugger
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.na
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.TP
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.B gdb
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.RB "[\|" \-help "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" \-nx "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" \-q "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" \-batch "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" \-cd=\c
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.I dir\c
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\|]
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.RB "[\|" \-f "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" "\-b\ "\c
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.IR bps "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" "\-tty="\c
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.IR dev "\|]"
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.RB "[\|" "\-s "\c
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.I symfile\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" "\-e "\c
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.I prog\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" "\-se "\c
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.I prog\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" "\-c "\c
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.I core\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" "\-x "\c
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.I cmds\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" "\-d "\c
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.I dir\c
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\&\|]
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.RB "[\|" \c
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.I prog\c
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.RB "[\|" \c
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.IR core \||\| procID\c
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\&\|]\&\|]
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.ad b
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The purpose of a debugger such as GDB is to allow you to see what is
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going on ``inside'' another program while it executes\(em\&or what another
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program was doing at the moment it crashed.
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GDB can do four main kinds of things (plus other things in support of
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these) to help you catch bugs in the act:
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.TP
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\ \ \ \(bu
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Start your program, specifying anything that might affect its behavior.
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.TP
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\ \ \ \(bu
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Make your program stop on specified conditions.
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.TP
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\ \ \ \(bu
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Examine what has happened, when your program has stopped.
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.TP
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\ \ \ \(bu
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Change things in your program, so you can experiment with correcting the
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effects of one bug and go on to learn about another.
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.PP
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You can use GDB to debug programs written in C, C++, and Modula-2.
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Fortran support will be added when a GNU Fortran compiler is ready.
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GDB is invoked with the shell command \c
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.B gdb\c
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\&. Once started, it reads
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commands from the terminal until you tell it to exit with the GDB
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command \c
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.B quit\c
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\&. You can get online help from \c
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.B gdb\c
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\& itself
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by using the command \c
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.B help\c
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\&.
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You can run \c
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.B gdb\c
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\& with no arguments or options; but the most
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usual way to start GDB is with one argument or two, specifying an
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executable program as the argument:
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.sp
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.br
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gdb\ program
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.br
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.sp
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You can also start with both an executable program and a core file specified:
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.sp
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.br
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gdb\ program\ core
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.br
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.sp
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You can, instead, specify a process ID as a second argument, if you want
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to debug a running process:
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.sp
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.br
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gdb\ program\ 1234
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.br
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.sp
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would attach GDB to process \c
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.B 1234\c
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\& (unless you also have a file
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named `\|\c
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.B 1234\c
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\&\|'; GDB does check for a core file first).
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Here are some of the most frequently needed GDB commands:
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.TP
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.B break \fR[\|\fIfile\fB:\fR\|]\fIfunction
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\&
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Set a breakpoint at \c
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.I function\c
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\& (in \c
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.I file\c
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\&).
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.TP
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.B run \fR[\|\fIarglist\fR\|]
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Start your program (with \c
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.I arglist\c
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\&, if specified).
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.TP
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.B bt
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Backtrace: display the program stack.
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.TP
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.BI print " expr"\c
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\&
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Display the value of an expression.
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.TP
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.B c
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Continue running your program (after stopping, e.g. at a breakpoint).
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.TP
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.B next
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Execute next program line (after stopping); step \c
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.I over\c
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\& any
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function calls in the line.
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.TP
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.B step
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Execute next program line (after stopping); step \c
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.I into\c
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\& any
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function calls in the line.
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.TP
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.B help \fR[\|\fIname\fR\|]
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Show information about GDB command \c
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.I name\c
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\&, or general information
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about using GDB.
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.TP
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.B quit
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Exit from GDB.
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.PP
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For full details on GDB, see \c
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.I
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Using GDB: A Guide to the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c
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\&, by Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch. The same text is available online
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as the \c
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.B gdb\c
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\& entry in the \c
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.B info\c
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\& program.
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.SH OPTIONS
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Any arguments other than options specify an executable
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file and core file (or process ID); that is, the first argument
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encountered with no
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associated option flag is equivalent to a `\|\c
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.B \-se\c
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\&\|' option, and the
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second, if any, is equivalent to a `\|\c
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.B \-c\c
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\&\|' option if it's the name of a file. Many options have
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both long and short forms; both are shown here. The long forms are also
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recognized if you truncate them, so long as enough of the option is
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present to be unambiguous. (If you prefer, you can flag option
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arguments with `\|\c
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.B +\c
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\&\|' rather than `\|\c
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.B \-\c
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\&\|', though we illustrate the
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more usual convention.)
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All the options and command line arguments you give are processed
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in sequential order. The order makes a difference when the
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`\|\c
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.B \-x\c
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\&\|' option is used.
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.TP
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.B \-help
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.TP
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.B \-h
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List all options, with brief explanations.
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.TP
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.BI "\-symbols=" "file"\c
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.TP
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.BI "\-s " "file"\c
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\&
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Read symbol table from file \c
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.I file\c
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\&.
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.TP
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.BI "\-exec=" "file"\c
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.TP
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.BI "\-e " "file"\c
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\&
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Use file \c
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.I file\c
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\& as the executable file to execute when
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appropriate, and for examining pure data in conjunction with a core
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dump.
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.TP
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.BI "\-se=" "file"\c
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\&
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Read symbol table from file \c
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.I file\c
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\& and use it as the executable
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file.
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.TP
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.BI "\-core=" "file"\c
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.TP
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.BI "\-c " "file"\c
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\&
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Use file \c
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.I file\c
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\& as a core dump to examine.
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.TP
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.BI "\-command=" "file"\c
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.TP
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.BI "\-x " "file"\c
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\&
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Execute GDB commands from file \c
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.I file\c
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\&.
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.TP
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.BI "\-directory=" "directory"\c
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.TP
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.BI "\-d " "directory"\c
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\&
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Add \c
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.I directory\c
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\& to the path to search for source files.
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.PP
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.TP
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.B \-nx
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.TP
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.B \-n
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Do not execute commands from any `\|\c
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.B .gdbinit\c
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\&\|' initialization files.
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Normally, the commands in these files are executed after all the
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command options and arguments have been processed.
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.TP
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.B \-quiet
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.TP
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.B \-q
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``Quiet''. Do not print the introductory and copyright messages. These
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messages are also suppressed in batch mode.
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.TP
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.B \-batch
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Run in batch mode. Exit with status \c
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.B 0\c
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\& after processing all the command
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files specified with `\|\c
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.B \-x\c
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\&\|' (and `\|\c
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.B .gdbinit\c
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\&\|', if not inhibited).
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Exit with nonzero status if an error occurs in executing the GDB
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commands in the command files.
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Batch mode may be useful for running GDB as a filter, for example to
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download and run a program on another computer; in order to make this
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more useful, the message
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.sp
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.br
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Program\ exited\ normally.
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.br
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.sp
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(which is ordinarily issued whenever a program running under GDB control
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terminates) is not issued when running in batch mode.
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.TP
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.BI "\-cd=" "directory"\c
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\&
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Run GDB using \c
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.I directory\c
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\& as its working directory,
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instead of the current directory.
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.TP
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.B \-fullname
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.TP
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.B \-f
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Emacs sets this option when it runs GDB as a subprocess. It tells GDB
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to output the full file name and line number in a standard,
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recognizable fashion each time a stack frame is displayed (which
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includes each time the program stops). This recognizable format looks
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like two `\|\c
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.B \032\c
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\&\|' characters, followed by the file name, line number
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and character position separated by colons, and a newline. The
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Emacs-to-GDB interface program uses the two `\|\c
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.B \032\c
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\&\|' characters as
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a signal to display the source code for the frame.
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.TP
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.BI "\-b " "bps"\c
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\&
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Set the line speed (baud rate or bits per second) of any serial
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interface used by GDB for remote debugging.
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.TP
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.BI "\-tty=" "device"\c
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\&
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Run using \c
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.I device\c
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\& for your program's standard input and output.
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.PP
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.RB "`\|" gdb "\|'"
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entry in
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.B info\c
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\&;
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.I
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Using GDB: A Guide to the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c
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, Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch, July 1991.
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.SH COPYING
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Copyright (c) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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.PP
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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.PP
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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permission notice identical to this one.
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.PP
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
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manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
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versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
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translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
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the original English.
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