1130b656e5
This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!) avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long. Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been insane otherwise.
136 lines
4.6 KiB
Groff
136 lines
4.6 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 Joerg Wunsch
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.\"
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This program is free software.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE DEVELOPERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DEVELOPERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd November 5, 1995
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.Os
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.Dt MKDOSFS 1
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mkdosfs
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.Nd create an MS-DOS (FAT) file system
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm mkdosfs
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.Bq Fl f Ar capacity
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.Bq Fl L Ar vollabel
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.Ar device
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Mkdosfs
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establishes a file system structure on
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.Ar device
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that is understood by
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.Xr mount_msdos
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and some ancient program loader.
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.Ar Device
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will typically be the character device node for a floppy disk drive,
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.Pq e.\ g. Pa /dev/rfd0 ,
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although any existing writable file or device is acceptable. In case
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of a regular file it is treated as a dumped image of an MS-DOS file
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system; only the file system structure will be written to it, and it
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won't be truncated.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n -offset indent
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.It Fl f Ar capacity
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Use defaults for a typical file system with
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.Ar capacity
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kilobytes. Currently, the values 360, 720, 1200, and 1440 are
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recognized.
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.Pp
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If this option is not specified,
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.Nm
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attempts to determine the size of the
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.Ar device .
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This is not reliably possible in all cases, but is believed to work
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for the more common situations.
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.It Fl L Ar vollabel
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Use
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.Ar vollabel
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to describe the file system, instead of the default
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.Ql 4.4BSD .
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.El
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.Pp
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The file system structure consists of three major areas:
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.Bl -tag -width 10n -offset indent
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.It Em The bootsector
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This is the very first (512-byte) sector. It contains executable
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code that normally would bootstrap an operating system when loaded.
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Since it's beyond the scope of
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.Nm
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to install an operating system on the medium, this boot code will only
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print a message that the disk does not contain a bootable system.
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Inside the
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.Em bootsector
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is the
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.Em BIOS parameter block (BPB) ,
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where several statistical parameters of the file system are being
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held.
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.It Em The file allocation table(s) (FAT)
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Sectors next to the
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.Em bootsector
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hold the FAT, which is used to register file system allocation,
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as well as keeping pointer chains for the chunks constituting
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one file. There are usually two identical copies of the FAT.
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.It Em The root directory
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The final structure is the root directory for this medium. It is
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merely a space reservation, padded with 0's, and unfortunately fixed
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in its size.
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.Nm mkdosfs
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initializes it to empty, and enters a volume label record into the
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very first directory slot.
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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An exit status of 0 is returned upon successful operation. Exit status
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1 is returned on any errors during file system creation, and an exit status
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of 2 reflects invalid arguments given to the program (along with an
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appropriate information written to diagnostic output).
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fdformat 1 ,
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.Xr mount_msdos 8 ,
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.Xr newfs 8 .
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.Sh BUGS
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There is currently no way to specify obscure file system parameters.
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Thus, only media with one of the supported capacity values can be
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formatted. For the same reason, it's not possible to handle hard disk
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partitions. More options should be added to allow this. More entries
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should be added to the table of known formats, too.
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.Pp
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No attempt is made to handle media defects. However, this is beyond
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the scope of
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.Nm mkdosfs
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and should better be handled by the (nonexistent)
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.Xr dosfsck 1
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utility.
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.Sh HISTORY
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.Nm Mkdosfs
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appeared in
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.Fx 2.2 .
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.Sh AUTHOR
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The program has been contributed by
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.if n Joerg Wunsch,
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.if t J\(:org Wunsch,
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Dresden.
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