341 lines
9.0 KiB
Groff
341 lines
9.0 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as
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.\" the first lines of this file unmodified other than the possible
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.\" addition of one or more copyright notices.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
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.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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.\" distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY
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.\" EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) BE
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.\" LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
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.\" BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
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.\" WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
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.\" OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
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.\" EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd September 14, 2012
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.Dt SIGINFO 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm siginfo
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.Nd "signal generation information"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In signal.h
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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A process may request signal information when it is catching a signal.
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The information specifies why the system generated that signal.
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To request signal information in a signal handler, the user can set
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.Dv SA_SIGINFO
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in
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.Va sa_flags
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before
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.Xr sigaction 2
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is called,
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otherwise the user can use
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.Xr sigwaitinfo 2
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and
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.Xr sigtimedwait 2
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to get signal information.
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In either case, the system returns the information in a structure of type
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.Vt siginfo_t ,
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which includes the following information:
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.Bl -column ".Vt union signal" ".Va si_overrun"
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.It Sy "Type Member Description"
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_signo Ta
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signal number
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_errno Ta
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error number
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_code Ta
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signal code
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.It Vt union sigval Ta Va si_value Ta
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signal value
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.It Vt pid_t Ta Va si_pid Ta
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sending process ID
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.It Vt uid_t Ta Va si_uid Ta
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sending process's real user ID
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.It Vt void Ta Va *si_addr Ta
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address of faulting instruction
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_status Ta
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exit value or signal
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.It Vt long Ta Va si_band Ta
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band event for
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.Dv SIGPOLL
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_trapno Ta
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machine trap code
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_timerid Ta
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.Tn POSIX
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timer ID
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_overrun Ta
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.Tn POSIX
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timer overrun count
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.It Vt int Ta Va si_mqd Ta
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.Tn POSIX
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message queue ID
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Va si_signo
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member contains the signal number.
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.Pp
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The
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.Va si_errno
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member contains an error number defined in the file
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.In errno.h .
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.Pp
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The
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.Va si_code
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member contains a code which describes the cause of the signal.
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The macros specified in the
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.Sy Code
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column of the following table are defined
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for use as values of
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.Va si_code
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that are signal-specific or non-signal-specific reasons why the signal was
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generated:
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.Bl -column ".Dv SIGPOLL" ".Dv CLD_CONTINUED"
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.It Sy "Signal Code Reason"
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.It Dv SIGILL Ta Dv ILL_ILLOPC Ta
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illegal opcode
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.It Ta Dv ILL_ILLOPN Ta
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illegal operand
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.It Ta Dv ILL_ILLADR Ta
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illegal addressing mode
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.It Ta Dv ILL_ILLTRP Ta
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illegal trap
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.It Ta Dv ILL_PRVOPC Ta
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illegal privileged opcode
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.It Ta Dv ILL_PRVREG Ta
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illegal privileged register
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.It Ta Dv ILL_COPROC Ta
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coprocessor error
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.It Ta Dv ILL_BADSTK Ta
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internal stack error
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.It Dv SIGFPE Ta Dv FPE_INTDIV Ta
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integer divide by zero
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.It Ta Dv FPE_INTOVF Ta
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integer overflow
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTDIV Ta
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floating-point divide by zero
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTOVF Ta
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floating-point overflow
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTUND Ta
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floating-point underflow
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTRES Ta
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floating-point inexact result
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTINV Ta
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invalid floating-point operation
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.It Ta Dv FPE_FLTSUB Ta
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subscript out of range
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.It Dv SIGSEGV Ta Dv SEGV_MAPERR Ta
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address not mapped to object
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.It Ta Dv SEGV_ACCERR Ta
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invalid permissions for mapped object
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.It Dv SIGBUS Ta Dv BUS_ADRALN Ta
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invalid address alignment
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.It Ta Dv BUS_ADRERR Ta
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nonexistent physical address
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.It Ta Dv BUS_OBJERR Ta
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object-specific hardware error
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.It Dv SIGTRAP Ta Dv TRAP_BRKPT Ta
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process breakpoint
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.It Ta Dv TRAP_TRACE Ta
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process trace trap
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.It Ta Dv TRAP_DTRACE Ta
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DTrace induced trap
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.It Dv SIGCHLD Ta Dv CLD_EXITED Ta
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child has exited
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.It Ta Dv CLD_KILLED Ta
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child has terminated abnormally and did not create a core file
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.It Ta Dv CLD_DUMPED Ta
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child has terminated abnormally and created a core file
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.It Ta Dv CLD_TRAPPED Ta
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traced child has trapped
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.It Ta Dv CLD_STOPPED Ta
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child has stopped
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.It Ta Dv CLD_CONTINUED Ta
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stopped child has continued
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.It Dv SIGPOLL Ta Dv POLL_IN Ta
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data input available
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.It Ta Dv POLL_OUT Ta
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output buffers available
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.It Ta Dv POLL_MSG Ta
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input message available
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.It Ta Dv POLL_ERR Ta
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I/O error
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.It Ta Dv POLL_PRI Ta
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high priority input available
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.It Ta Dv POLL_HUP Ta
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device disconnected
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.It Any Ta Dv SI_NOINFO Ta
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Only the
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.Va si_signo
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member is meaningful; the value of all other members is unspecified.
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.It Ta Dv SI_USER Ta
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signal sent by
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.Xr kill 2
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.It Ta Dv SI_QUEUE Ta
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signal sent by
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.Xr sigqueue 2
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.It Ta Dv SI_TIMER Ta
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signal generated by expiration of a timer set by
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.Xr timer_settime 2
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.It Ta Dv SI_ASYNCIO Ta
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signal generated by completion of an asynchronous I/O request
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.It Ta Dv SI_MESGQ Ta
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signal generated by arrival of a message on an empty message queue
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.It Ta Dv SI_KERNEL Ta
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signal generated by miscellaneous parts of the kernel
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.It Ta Dv SI_LWP Ta
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signal sent by
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.Xr pthread_kill 3
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.El
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.Pp
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In addition, the following signal-specific information is available:
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.Bl -column ".Dv SIGPOLL" ".Dv CLD_CONTINUED"
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.It Sy "Signal Member Value"
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.It Dv SIGILL Ta Va si_addr Ta
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address of faulting instruction
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.It Ta Va si_trapno Ta
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machine dependent of trap code
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.It Dv SIGFPE Ta Va si_addr Ta
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address of faulting instruction
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.It Ta Va si_trapno Ta
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machine dependent of trap code
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.It Dv SIGSEGV Ta Va si_addr Ta
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address of faulting memory reference
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.It Ta Va si_trapno Ta
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machine dependent of trap code
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.It Dv SIGBUS Ta Va si_addr Ta
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address of faulting instruction
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.It Ta Va si_trapno Ta
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machine dependent of trap code
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.It Dv SIGCHLD Ta Va si_pid Ta
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child process ID
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.It Ta Va si_status Ta
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exit value or signal; if
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.Va si_code
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is equal to
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.Dv CLD_EXITED ,
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then it is equal to the exit value of the child process, otherwise,
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it is equal to a signal that caused the child process to change state.
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.It Ta Va si_uid Ta "real user ID of the process that sent the signal"
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.It Dv SIGPOLL Ta Va si_band Ta "band event for"
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.Dv POLL_IN , POLL_OUT ,
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or
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.Dv POLL_MSG
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.El
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.Pp
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Finally, the following code-specific information is available:
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.Bl -column ".Dv SI_QUEUE" ".Va si_overrun"
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.It Sy "Code Member Value"
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.It Dv SI_USER Ta Va si_pid Ta
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the process ID that sent the signal
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.It Ta Va si_uid Ta
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real user ID of the process that sent the signal
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.It Dv SI_QUEUE Ta Va si_value Ta
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the value passed to
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.Xr sigqueue 2
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system call
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.It Ta Va si_pid Ta
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the process ID that sent the signal
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.It Ta Va si_uid Ta
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real user ID of the process that sent the signal
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.It Dv SI_TIMER Ta Va si_value Ta
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the value passed to
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.Xr timer_create 2
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system call
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.It Ta Va si_timerid Ta
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the timer ID returned by
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.Xr timer_create 2
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system call
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.It Ta Va si_overrun Ta
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timer overrun count corresponding to the signal
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.It Ta Va si_errno Ta
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If timer overrun will be
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.Brq Dv DELAYTIMER_MAX ,
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an error code defined in
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.In errno.h
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is set
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.It Dv SI_ASYNCIO Ta Va si_value Ta
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the value passed to aio system calls
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.It Dv SI_MESGQ Ta Va si_value Ta
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the value passed to
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.Xr mq_notify 2
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system call
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.It Ta Va si_mqd Ta
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the ID of the message queue which generated the signal
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.It Dv SI_LWP Ta Va si_pid Ta
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the process ID that sent the signal
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.It Ta Va si_uid Ta
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real user ID of the process that sent the signal
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.El
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.Sh NOTES
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Currently, the kernel never generates the
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.Dv SIGPOLL
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signal.
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.Dv SIGCHLD
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signal is queued when a process changed its status or exited.
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.Tn POSIX
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Realtime Extensions like aio, timer, and message queue also queue
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signals.
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Signals with code
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.Dv SI_USER ,
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.Dv SI_KERNEL
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or
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.Dv SI_LWP
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are only queued if there are sufficient resources;
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otherwise,
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.Dv SI_NOINFO
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results.
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For some hardware architectures, the exact value of
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.Va si_addr
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might not be available.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr aio_read 2 ,
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.Xr kill 2 ,
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.Xr mq_notify 2 ,
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.Xr sigaction 2 ,
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.Xr sigqueue 2 ,
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.Xr sigwaitinfo 2 ,
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.Xr timer_create 2 ,
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.Xr timer_settime 2 ,
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.Xr waitpid 2 ,
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.Xr pthread_kill 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Vt siginfo_t
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type conforms to
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.St -p1003.1-2004 .
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.Sh HISTORY
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Full support for
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.Tn POSIX
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signal information first appeared in
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.Fx 7.0 .
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The codes
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.Dv SI_USER
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and
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.Dv SI_KERNEL
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can be generated as of
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.Fx 8.1 .
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The code
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.Dv SI_LWP
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can be generated as of
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.Fx 9.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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This manual page was written by
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.An David Xu Aq Mt davidxu@FreeBSD.org .
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