1233 lines
32 KiB
C
1233 lines
32 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996
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* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
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* retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
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* distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
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* this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
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* provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
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* features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
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* ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
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* Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
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* the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
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* or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
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* written permission.
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
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* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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*/
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#ifndef lint
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static const char copyright[] =
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"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996\n\
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The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
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static const char rcsid[] =
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"@(#)$Header: /home/ncvs/src/contrib/traceroute/traceroute.c,v 1.10 1999/05/12 17:28:31 archie Exp $ (LBL)";
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#endif
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/*
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* traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host".
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*
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* Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some
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* internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe
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* packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an
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* icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes
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* with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port
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* unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which
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* defaults to 30 hops & can be changed with the -m flag). Three
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* probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a
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* line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and
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* round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from
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* different gateways, the address of each responding system will
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* be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout
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* interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that
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* probe.
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*
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* Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination
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* host to process them so the destination port is set to an
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* unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that
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* value, it can be changed with the -p flag).
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*
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* A sample use might be:
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*
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* [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net.
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* traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 30 hops max, 56 byte packet
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* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms
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* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
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* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
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* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms
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* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
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* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms
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* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms
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* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms
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* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms
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* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms
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* 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms
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*
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* Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy
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* kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards
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* packets with a zero ttl.
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*
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* A more interesting example is:
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*
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* [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu.
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* traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 30 hops max
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* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
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* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms
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* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms
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* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms
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* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms
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* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms
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* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms
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* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms
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* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms
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* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms
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* 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms
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* 12 * * *
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* 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms
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* 14 * * *
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* 15 * * *
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* 16 * * *
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* 17 * * *
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* 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms
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*
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* (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to
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* MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away
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* either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them
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* with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the
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* MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God
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* only knows what's going on with 12.
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*
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* The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in
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* the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3)
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* sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the
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* original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is
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* zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back
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* to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting
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* when it appears on the destination system:
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*
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* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
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* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms
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* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms
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* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms
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* 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
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* 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms
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* 7 * * *
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* 8 * * *
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* 9 * * *
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* 10 * * *
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* 11 * * *
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* 12 * * *
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* 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms !
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*
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* Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final
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* destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing".
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* What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5)
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* is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its
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* icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path
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* (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for
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* icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path
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* length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that
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* returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists.
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* Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1.
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* Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or
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* non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem
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* frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your
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* probes.
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*
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* Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host,
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* network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source
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* route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should
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* ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one). If
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* almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute
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* will give up and exit.
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*
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* Notes
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* -----
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* This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that
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* you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot
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* of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.)
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*
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* This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any
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* system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto
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* IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as
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* opposed to data to be wrapped in a ip datagram). See the README
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* file that came with the source to this program for a description
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* of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may
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* vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE
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* MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM.
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*
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* The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre).
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* The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of
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* data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp
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* header so, if we want to associate replies with the original
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* datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the
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* udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to
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* interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway,
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* it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this
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* code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to
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* use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the
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* source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out
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* of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being
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* replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a
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* reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination
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* port number before each probe.
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*
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* Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a
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* routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours
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* without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran.
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*
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* I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since
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* the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right
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* IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy
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* Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with
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* the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm
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* glad they didn't keep the idea a secret.
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*
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* Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or
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* enhancements to the original distribution.
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*
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* I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by
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* sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination
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* back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source
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* routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day...
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*
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* -- Van Jacobson (van@ee.lbl.gov)
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* Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988
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*/
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#include <sys/param.h>
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#include <sys/file.h>
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#include <sys/ioctl.h>
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#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
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#include <sys/select.h>
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#endif
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#include <sys/socket.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
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#include <netinet/in.h>
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#include <netinet/ip.h>
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#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
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#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
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#include <netinet/udp.h>
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#include <netinet/tcp.h>
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#include <arpa/inet.h>
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#include <ctype.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H
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#include <malloc.h>
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#endif
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#include <memory.h>
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#include <netdb.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include "gnuc.h"
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#ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H
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#include "os-proto.h"
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#endif
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/* Maximum number of gateways (include room for one noop) */
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#define NGATEWAYS ((int)((MAX_IPOPTLEN - IPOPT_MINOFF - 1) / sizeof(u_int32_t)))
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#ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN
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#define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 64
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#endif
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#define Fprintf (void)fprintf
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#define Printf (void)printf
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/* What a GRE packet header looks like */
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struct grehdr {
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u_int16_t flags;
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u_int16_t proto;
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u_int16_t length; /* PPTP version of these fields */
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u_int16_t callId;
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};
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#ifndef IPPROTO_GRE
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#define IPPROTO_GRE 47
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#endif
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/* For GRE, we prepare what looks like a PPTP packet */
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#define GRE_PPTP_PROTO 0x880b
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/* Data section of the probe packet */
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struct outdata {
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u_char seq; /* sequence number of this packet */
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u_char ttl; /* ttl packet left with */
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struct timeval tv; /* time packet left */
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};
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/* Descriptor structure for each outgoing protocol we support */
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struct outproto {
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char *name; /* name of protocol */
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u_char num; /* IP protocol number */
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u_short hdrlen; /* max size of protocol header */
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u_short port; /* default base protocol-specific "port" */
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void (*prepare)(struct outdata *);
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/* finish preparing an outgoing packet */
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int (*check)(const u_char *, int);
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/* check an incoming packet */
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};
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u_char packet[512]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */
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struct ip *outip; /* last output ip packet */
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u_char *outprot; /* last output inner protocol packet */
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/* loose source route gateway list (including room for final destination) */
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u_int32_t gwlist[NGATEWAYS + 1];
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int s; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */
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int sndsock; /* send (udp) socket file descriptor */
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struct sockaddr whereto; /* Who to try to reach */
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int packlen; /* total length of packet */
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int protlen; /* length of protocol part of packet */
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int maxpacket = 32 * 1024; /* max ip packet size */
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char *prog;
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char *source;
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char *hostname;
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int nprobes = 3;
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int min_ttl = 1;
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int max_ttl = 30;
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u_short ident;
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u_short port; /* protocol specific base "port" */
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int options; /* socket options */
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int verbose;
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int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */
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int nflag; /* print addresses numerically */
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extern int optind;
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extern int opterr;
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extern char *optarg;
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/* Forwards */
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double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
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char *inetname(struct in_addr);
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int main(int, char **);
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int packet_ok(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, int);
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char *pr_type(u_char);
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void print(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *);
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char *getaddr(u_int32_t *, char *);
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char *getsin(struct sockaddr_in *, char *);
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char *savestr(const char *);
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void send_probe(int, int);
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void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
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__dead void usage(void);
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int wait_for_reply(int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
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void udp_prep(struct outdata *);
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int udp_check(const u_char *, int);
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void tcp_prep(struct outdata *);
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int tcp_check(const u_char *, int);
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void gre_prep(struct outdata *);
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int gre_check(const u_char *, int);
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void gen_prep(struct outdata *);
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int gen_check(const u_char *, int);
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/* List of supported protocols. The first one is the default. The last
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one is the handler for generic protocols not explicitly listed. */
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struct outproto protos[] = {
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{
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"udp",
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IPPROTO_UDP,
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sizeof(struct udphdr),
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32768 + 666,
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udp_prep,
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udp_check
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},
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{
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"tcp",
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IPPROTO_TCP,
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sizeof(struct tcphdr),
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32768 + 666,
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tcp_prep,
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tcp_check
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},
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{
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"gre",
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IPPROTO_GRE,
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sizeof(struct grehdr),
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GRE_PPTP_PROTO,
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gre_prep,
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gre_check
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},
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{
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NULL,
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0,
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2 * sizeof(u_short),
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0,
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gen_prep,
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gen_check
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},
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};
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struct outproto *proto = &protos[0];
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int
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main(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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register int op, code;
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register char *cp;
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struct sockaddr_in from;
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register struct sockaddr_in *to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto;
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int on = 1;
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register struct protoent *pe;
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register int ttl, probe, i;
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register int seq = 0;
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register int tos = 0;
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register int lsrr = 0;
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register int optlen = 0;
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int requestPort = -1;
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int sump = 0;
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int sockerrno;
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/*
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* Do the setuid-required stuff first, then lose priveleges ASAP.
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* Do error checking for these two calls where they appeared in
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* the original code.
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*/
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cp = "icmp";
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pe = getprotobyname(cp);
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if (pe) {
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if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0)
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sockerrno = errno;
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else if ((sndsock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW)) < 0)
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sockerrno = errno;
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}
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setuid(getuid());
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if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL)
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prog = cp + 1;
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else
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prog = argv[0];
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opterr = 0;
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while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "Sdnrvg:M:m:P:p:q:s:t:w:")) != EOF)
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switch (op) {
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case 'S':
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sump = 1;
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break;
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case 'd':
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options |= SO_DEBUG;
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break;
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case 'g':
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if (lsrr >= NGATEWAYS) {
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Fprintf(stderr,
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"%s: No more than %d gateways\n",
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prog, NGATEWAYS);
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exit(1);
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}
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(void)getaddr(gwlist + lsrr, optarg);
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++lsrr;
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break;
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case 'M':
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min_ttl = atoi(optarg);
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if (min_ttl < 1 || min_ttl > 0xff) {
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Fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid ttl value %s\n",
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prog, optarg);
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exit(1);
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}
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break;
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case 'm':
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max_ttl = atoi(optarg);
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if (max_ttl < 1 || max_ttl > 0xff) {
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Fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid ttl value %s\n",
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prog, optarg);
|
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exit(1);
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}
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break;
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|
|
case 'n':
|
|
++nflag;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'P':
|
|
for (i = 0; protos[i].name != NULL; i++) {
|
|
if (strcasecmp(protos[i].name, optarg) == 0) {
|
|
proto = &protos[i];
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if (protos[i].name == NULL) { /* generic handler */
|
|
struct protoent *pe;
|
|
u_long pnum;
|
|
char *eptr;
|
|
|
|
/* Determine the IP protocol number */
|
|
if ((pe = getprotobyname(optarg)) != NULL)
|
|
pnum = pe->p_proto;
|
|
else {
|
|
pnum = strtoul(optarg, &eptr, 10);
|
|
if (pnum > 0xff
|
|
|| *optarg == '\0'
|
|
|| *eptr != '\0') {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown "
|
|
"protocol \"%s\"\n",
|
|
prog, optarg);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
proto->num = pnum;
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'p':
|
|
requestPort = atoi(optarg);
|
|
if (requestPort <= 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: port must be > 0\n", prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'q':
|
|
nprobes = atoi(optarg);
|
|
if (nprobes <= 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: nprobes must be > 0\n",
|
|
prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'r':
|
|
options |= SO_DONTROUTE;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 's':
|
|
/*
|
|
* set the ip source address of the outbound
|
|
* probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host).
|
|
*/
|
|
source = optarg;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 't':
|
|
tos = atoi(optarg);
|
|
if (tos < 0 || tos > 255) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: tos must be 0 to 255\n",
|
|
prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'v':
|
|
++verbose;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 'w':
|
|
waittime = atoi(optarg);
|
|
if (waittime <= 1 || waittime >= 24L * 60 * 60) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr,
|
|
"%s: wait must be > 1 sec and < 1 day\n",
|
|
prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
usage();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Set requested port, if any, else default for this protocol */
|
|
port = (requestPort != -1) ? requestPort : proto->port;
|
|
|
|
/* Check min vs. max TTL */
|
|
if (min_ttl > max_ttl) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: min ttl must be <= max ttl\n", prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Process destination and optional packet size */
|
|
switch (argc - optind) {
|
|
|
|
case 2:
|
|
packlen = atoi(argv[optind + 1]);
|
|
/* Fall thorugh */
|
|
|
|
case 1:
|
|
hostname = savestr(getsin(to, argv[optind]));
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
usage();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef HAVE_SETLINEBUF
|
|
setlinebuf (stdout);
|
|
#else
|
|
setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
if (lsrr > 0)
|
|
optlen = (lsrr + 1) * sizeof(gwlist[0]);
|
|
i = sizeof(*outip) + proto->hdrlen + sizeof(struct outdata) + optlen;
|
|
if (packlen == 0)
|
|
packlen = i; /* minimum sized packet */
|
|
else if (i > packlen || packlen > maxpacket) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: packet size must be %d <= s <= %d\n",
|
|
prog, i, maxpacket);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
protlen = packlen - sizeof(*outip) - optlen;
|
|
|
|
outip = (struct ip *)malloc((unsigned)packlen);
|
|
if (outip == NULL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
memset((char *)outip, 0, packlen);
|
|
|
|
outip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
|
|
outip->ip_tos = tos;
|
|
#ifdef BYTESWAP_IP_LEN
|
|
outip->ip_len = htons(packlen);
|
|
#else
|
|
outip->ip_len = packlen;
|
|
#endif
|
|
outip->ip_p = proto->num;
|
|
outprot = (u_char *)(outip + 1);
|
|
#ifdef HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS
|
|
if (lsrr > 0) {
|
|
register u_char *optlist;
|
|
|
|
optlist = (u_char *)outprot;
|
|
(u_char *)outprot += optlen;
|
|
|
|
/* final hop */
|
|
gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr;
|
|
|
|
outip->ip_dst.s_addr = gwlist[0];
|
|
|
|
/* force 4 byte alignment */
|
|
optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP;
|
|
/* loose source route option */
|
|
optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR;
|
|
i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]);
|
|
optlist[2] = i + 3;
|
|
/* Pointer to LSRR addresses */
|
|
optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
|
|
memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist + 1, i);
|
|
} else
|
|
#endif
|
|
outip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
|
|
|
|
outip->ip_hl = ((u_char *)outprot - (u_char *)outip) >> 2;
|
|
|
|
ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000;
|
|
|
|
if (pe == NULL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
if (s < 0) {
|
|
errno = sockerrno;
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
if (options & SO_DEBUG)
|
|
(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on,
|
|
sizeof(on));
|
|
if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
|
|
(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on,
|
|
sizeof(on));
|
|
|
|
if (sndsock < 0) {
|
|
errno = sockerrno;
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#if defined(IP_OPTIONS) && !defined(HAVE_RAW_OPTIONS)
|
|
if (lsrr > 0) {
|
|
u_char optlist[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
|
|
|
|
cp = "ip";
|
|
if ((pe = getprotobyname(cp)) == NULL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, cp);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* final hop */
|
|
gwlist[lsrr] = to->sin_addr.s_addr;
|
|
++lsrr;
|
|
|
|
/* force 4 byte alignment */
|
|
optlist[0] = IPOPT_NOP;
|
|
/* loose source route option */
|
|
optlist[1] = IPOPT_LSRR;
|
|
i = lsrr * sizeof(gwlist[0]);
|
|
optlist[2] = i + 3;
|
|
/* Pointer to LSRR addresses */
|
|
optlist[3] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
|
|
memcpy(optlist + 4, gwlist, i);
|
|
|
|
if ((setsockopt(sndsock, pe->p_proto, IP_OPTIONS, optlist,
|
|
i + sizeof(gwlist[0]))) < 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_OPTIONS: %s\n",
|
|
prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
#ifdef SO_SNDBUF
|
|
if (setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packlen,
|
|
sizeof(packlen)) < 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
#ifdef IP_HDRINCL
|
|
if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on,
|
|
sizeof(on)) < 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
if (options & SO_DEBUG)
|
|
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on,
|
|
sizeof(on));
|
|
if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
|
|
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on,
|
|
sizeof(on));
|
|
|
|
if (source != NULL) {
|
|
source = savestr(getsin(&from, source));
|
|
outip->ip_src = from.sin_addr;
|
|
#ifndef IP_HDRINCL
|
|
if (bind(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&from, sizeof(from)) < 0) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n",
|
|
prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit (1);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)",
|
|
prog, hostname, inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
|
|
if (source)
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source);
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, packlen);
|
|
(void)fflush(stderr);
|
|
|
|
for (ttl = min_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) {
|
|
u_int32_t lastaddr = 0;
|
|
int got_there = 0;
|
|
int unreachable = 0;
|
|
int loss;
|
|
|
|
Printf("%2d ", ttl);
|
|
for (probe = 0, loss = 0; probe < nprobes; ++probe) {
|
|
register int cc;
|
|
struct timeval t1, t2;
|
|
struct timezone tz;
|
|
register struct ip *ip;
|
|
struct outdata outdata;
|
|
|
|
/* Prepare outgoing data */
|
|
outdata.seq = ++seq;
|
|
outdata.ttl = ttl;
|
|
|
|
/* Avoid alignment problems by copying bytewise: */
|
|
(void)gettimeofday(&t1, &tz);
|
|
memcpy(&outdata.tv, &t1, sizeof(outdata.tv));
|
|
|
|
/* Finalize and send packet */
|
|
(*proto->prepare)(&outdata);
|
|
send_probe(seq, ttl);
|
|
|
|
/* Wait for a reply */
|
|
while ((cc = wait_for_reply(s, &from, &t1)) != 0) {
|
|
double T;
|
|
int precis;
|
|
|
|
(void)gettimeofday(&t2, &tz);
|
|
i = packet_ok(packet, cc, &from, seq);
|
|
/* Skip short packet */
|
|
if (i == 0)
|
|
continue;
|
|
if (from.sin_addr.s_addr != lastaddr) {
|
|
print(packet, cc, &from);
|
|
lastaddr = from.sin_addr.s_addr;
|
|
}
|
|
T = deltaT(&t1, &t2);
|
|
#ifdef SANE_PRECISION
|
|
if (T >= 1000.0)
|
|
precis = 0;
|
|
else if (T >= 100.0)
|
|
precis = 1;
|
|
else if (T >= 10.0)
|
|
precis = 2;
|
|
else
|
|
#endif
|
|
precis = 3;
|
|
Printf(" %.*f ms", precis, T);
|
|
/* time exceeded in transit */
|
|
if (i == -1)
|
|
break;
|
|
code = i - 1;
|
|
switch (code) {
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
|
|
#ifndef ARCHAIC
|
|
ip = (struct ip *)packet;
|
|
if (ip->ip_ttl <= 1)
|
|
Printf(" !");
|
|
#endif
|
|
++got_there;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !N");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !H");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
|
|
++got_there;
|
|
Printf(" !P");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !F");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !S");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
/* rfc1716 */
|
|
#ifndef ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB
|
|
#define ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB 13 /* admin prohibited filter */
|
|
#endif
|
|
case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !X");
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
++unreachable;
|
|
Printf(" !<%d>", code);
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
if (cc == 0) {
|
|
loss++;
|
|
Printf(" *");
|
|
}
|
|
(void)fflush(stdout);
|
|
}
|
|
if (sump) {
|
|
Printf(" (%d%% loss)", (loss * 100) / nprobes);
|
|
}
|
|
putchar('\n');
|
|
if (got_there ||
|
|
(unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1))
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
exit(0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
wait_for_reply(register int sock, register struct sockaddr_in *fromp,
|
|
register struct timeval *tp)
|
|
{
|
|
fd_set fds;
|
|
struct timeval now, wait;
|
|
struct timezone tz;
|
|
register int cc = 0;
|
|
register int error;
|
|
int fromlen = sizeof(*fromp);
|
|
|
|
FD_ZERO(&fds);
|
|
FD_SET(sock, &fds);
|
|
|
|
wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime;
|
|
wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec;
|
|
(void)gettimeofday(&now, &tz);
|
|
tvsub(&wait, &now);
|
|
if (wait.tv_sec < 0) {
|
|
wait.tv_sec = 0;
|
|
wait.tv_usec = 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
error = select(sock + 1, &fds, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &wait);
|
|
if (error == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: botched select() args\n", prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
if (error > 0)
|
|
cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, sizeof(packet), 0,
|
|
(struct sockaddr *)fromp, &fromlen);
|
|
|
|
return(cc);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
send_probe(int seq, int ttl)
|
|
{
|
|
register int i;
|
|
|
|
outip->ip_ttl = ttl;
|
|
outip->ip_id = htons(ident + seq);
|
|
|
|
i = sendto(sndsock, (char *)outip, packlen, 0, &whereto,
|
|
sizeof(whereto));
|
|
if (i < 0 || i != packlen) {
|
|
if (i < 0)
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: sendto: %s\n",
|
|
prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
Printf("%s: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
|
|
prog, hostname, packlen, i);
|
|
(void)fflush(stdout);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
double
|
|
deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p)
|
|
{
|
|
register double dt;
|
|
|
|
dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
|
|
(double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
|
|
return (dt);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string.
|
|
*/
|
|
char *
|
|
pr_type(register u_char t)
|
|
{
|
|
static char *ttab[] = {
|
|
"Echo Reply", "ICMP 1", "ICMP 2", "Dest Unreachable",
|
|
"Source Quench", "Redirect", "ICMP 6", "ICMP 7",
|
|
"Echo", "ICMP 9", "ICMP 10", "Time Exceeded",
|
|
"Param Problem", "Timestamp", "Timestamp Reply", "Info Request",
|
|
"Info Reply"
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
if (t > 16)
|
|
return("OUT-OF-RANGE");
|
|
|
|
return(ttab[t]);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
packet_ok(register u_char *buf, int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from,
|
|
register int seq)
|
|
{
|
|
register struct icmp *icp;
|
|
register u_char type, code;
|
|
register int hlen;
|
|
#ifndef ARCHAIC
|
|
register struct ip *ip;
|
|
|
|
ip = (struct ip *) buf;
|
|
hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
|
|
if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
|
|
if (verbose)
|
|
Printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
|
|
inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
|
|
return (0);
|
|
}
|
|
cc -= hlen;
|
|
icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
|
|
#else
|
|
icp = (struct icmp *)buf;
|
|
#endif
|
|
type = icp->icmp_type;
|
|
code = icp->icmp_code;
|
|
if ((type == ICMP_TIMXCEED && code == ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS) ||
|
|
type == ICMP_UNREACH) {
|
|
struct ip *hip;
|
|
u_char *inner;
|
|
|
|
hip = &icp->icmp_ip;
|
|
hlen = hip->ip_hl << 2;
|
|
inner = (u_char *)((u_char *)hip + hlen);
|
|
if (hlen + 12 <= cc
|
|
&& hip->ip_p == proto->num
|
|
&& (*proto->check)(inner, seq))
|
|
return (type == ICMP_TIMXCEED ? -1 : code + 1);
|
|
}
|
|
#ifndef ARCHAIC
|
|
if (verbose) {
|
|
register int i;
|
|
u_int32_t *lp = (u_int32_t *)&icp->icmp_ip;
|
|
|
|
Printf("\n%d bytes from %s to ", cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
|
|
Printf("%s: icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n",
|
|
inet_ntoa(ip->ip_dst), type, pr_type(type), icp->icmp_code);
|
|
for (i = 4; i < cc ; i += sizeof(*lp))
|
|
Printf("%2d: x%8.8x\n", i, *lp++);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
return(0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
udp_prep(struct outdata *outdata)
|
|
{
|
|
struct udphdr *const udp = (struct udphdr *) outprot;
|
|
|
|
udp->uh_sport = htons(ident);
|
|
udp->uh_dport = htons(port + outdata->seq);
|
|
udp->uh_ulen = htons((u_short)protlen);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
udp_check(const u_char *data, int seq)
|
|
{
|
|
struct udphdr *const udp = (struct udphdr *) data;
|
|
|
|
return (ntohs(udp->uh_sport) == ident
|
|
&& ntohs(udp->uh_dport) == port + seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
tcp_prep(struct outdata *outdata)
|
|
{
|
|
struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) outprot;
|
|
|
|
tcp->th_sport = htons(ident);
|
|
tcp->th_dport = htons(port + outdata->seq);
|
|
tcp->th_seq = (tcp->th_sport << 16) | tcp->th_dport;
|
|
tcp->th_ack = 0;
|
|
tcp->th_off = 5;
|
|
tcp->th_flags = TH_SYN;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
tcp_check(const u_char *data, int seq)
|
|
{
|
|
struct tcphdr *const tcp = (struct tcphdr *) data;
|
|
|
|
return (ntohs(tcp->th_sport) == ident
|
|
&& ntohs(tcp->th_dport) == port + seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
gre_prep(struct outdata *outdata)
|
|
{
|
|
struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) outprot;
|
|
|
|
gre->flags = htons(0x2001);
|
|
gre->proto = htons(port);
|
|
gre->length = 0;
|
|
gre->callId = htons(ident + outdata->seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
gre_check(const u_char *data, int seq)
|
|
{
|
|
struct grehdr *const gre = (struct grehdr *) data;
|
|
|
|
return(ntohs(gre->proto) == port
|
|
&& ntohs(gre->callId) == ident + seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
gen_prep(struct outdata *outdata)
|
|
{
|
|
u_int16_t *const ptr;
|
|
|
|
ptr[0] = htons(ident);
|
|
ptr[1] = htons(port + outdata->seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
gen_check(const u_char *data, int seq)
|
|
{
|
|
u_int16_t *const ptr = (u_int16_t *) data;
|
|
|
|
return(ntohs(ptr[0]) == ident
|
|
&& ntohs(ptr[1]) == port + seq);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
print(register u_char *buf, register int cc, register struct sockaddr_in *from)
|
|
{
|
|
register struct ip *ip;
|
|
register int hlen;
|
|
|
|
ip = (struct ip *) buf;
|
|
hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
|
|
cc -= hlen;
|
|
|
|
if (nflag)
|
|
Printf(" %s", inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
|
|
else
|
|
Printf(" %s (%s)", inetname(from->sin_addr),
|
|
inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
|
|
|
|
if (verbose)
|
|
Printf(" %d bytes to %s", cc, inet_ntoa (ip->ip_dst));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
#ifdef notyet
|
|
/*
|
|
* Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
|
|
*/
|
|
in_cksum(register u_short *addr, register int len)
|
|
{
|
|
register int nleft = len;
|
|
register u_short *w = addr;
|
|
register u_short answer;
|
|
register int sum = 0;
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum),
|
|
* we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold
|
|
* back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower
|
|
* 16 bits.
|
|
*/
|
|
while (nleft > 1) {
|
|
sum += *w++;
|
|
nleft -= 2;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
|
|
if (nleft == 1)
|
|
sum += *(u_char *)w;
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits
|
|
*/
|
|
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
|
|
sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
|
|
answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
|
|
return (answer);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in.
|
|
* Out is assumed to be within about LONG_MAX seconds of in.
|
|
*/
|
|
void
|
|
tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in)
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
|
|
--out->tv_sec;
|
|
out->tv_usec += 1000000;
|
|
}
|
|
out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Construct an Internet address representation.
|
|
* If the nflag has been supplied, give
|
|
* numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name.
|
|
*/
|
|
char *
|
|
inetname(struct in_addr in)
|
|
{
|
|
register char *cp;
|
|
register struct hostent *hp;
|
|
static int first = 1;
|
|
static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
|
|
|
|
if (first && !nflag) {
|
|
first = 0;
|
|
if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
|
|
(cp = strchr(domain, '.')) != NULL) {
|
|
(void)strncpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof(domain) - 1);
|
|
domain[sizeof(domain) - 1] = '\0';
|
|
} else
|
|
domain[0] = '\0';
|
|
}
|
|
if (!nflag && in.s_addr != INADDR_ANY) {
|
|
hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof(in), AF_INET);
|
|
if (hp != NULL) {
|
|
if ((cp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.')) != NULL &&
|
|
strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0)
|
|
*cp = '\0';
|
|
(void)strncpy(line, hp->h_name, sizeof(line) - 1);
|
|
line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
|
|
return (line);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return (inet_ntoa(in));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *
|
|
getaddr(register u_int32_t *ap, register char *hostname)
|
|
{
|
|
register struct hostent *hp;
|
|
|
|
*ap = inet_addr(hostname);
|
|
if ((int32_t)*ap != -1)
|
|
return (hostname);
|
|
|
|
hp = gethostbyname(hostname);
|
|
if (hp == NULL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown host %s\n", prog, hostname);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET || hp->h_length != 4) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad host %s\n", prog, hostname);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
memcpy((caddr_t)ap, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
|
|
return (hp->h_name);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *
|
|
getsin(register struct sockaddr_in *sin, register char *hostname)
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
memset(sin, 0, sizeof(*sin));
|
|
sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
|
|
return (getaddr((u_int32_t *)&sin->sin_addr.s_addr, hostname));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *
|
|
savestr(register const char *str)
|
|
{
|
|
register char *cp;
|
|
|
|
cp = strdup(str);
|
|
if (cp == NULL) {
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "%s: strdup: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
return (cp);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
__dead void
|
|
usage(void)
|
|
{
|
|
extern char version[];
|
|
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "Version %s\n", version);
|
|
Fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-dnrv] [-w wait] [-m max_ttl] [-M min_ttl] \
|
|
[-P proto]\n\t [-p port#] [-q nqueries] [-t tos] [-s src_addr] [-g gateway] \
|
|
\n\t host [data_size]\n", prog);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|