198 lines
6.4 KiB
Groff
198 lines
6.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)rs.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH RS 1 "December 30, 1993"
|
|
.UC 4
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
rs \- reshape a data array
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
\fBrs [ \-[csCS][\fRx\fB][kKgGw][\fRN\fB]tTeEnyjhHm ] [ \fRrows\fB [ \fRcols\fB ] ]\fR
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
|
.I Rs
|
|
reads the standard input, interpreting each line as a row
|
|
of blank-separated entries in an array,
|
|
transforms the array according to the options,
|
|
and writes it on the standard output.
|
|
With no arguments it transforms stream input into a columnar
|
|
format convenient for terminal viewing.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The shape of the input array is deduced from the number of lines
|
|
and the number of columns on the first line.
|
|
If that shape is inconvenient, a more useful one might be
|
|
obtained by skipping some of the input with the \fB\-k\fP option.
|
|
Other options control interpretation of the input columns.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The shape of the output array is influenced by the
|
|
.I rows
|
|
and
|
|
.I cols
|
|
specifications, which should be positive integers.
|
|
If only one of them is a positive integer,
|
|
.I rs
|
|
computes a value for the other which will accommodate
|
|
all of the data.
|
|
When necessary, missing data are supplied in a manner
|
|
specified by the options and surplus data are deleted.
|
|
There are options to control presentation of the output columns,
|
|
including transposition of the rows and columns.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The options are described below.
|
|
.IP \fB\-c\fRx
|
|
Input columns are delimited by the single character \fIx\fP.
|
|
A missing \fIx\fP is taken to be `^I'.
|
|
.IP \fB\-s\fRx
|
|
Like \fB\-c\fR, but maximal strings of \fIx\fP are delimiters.
|
|
.IP \fB\-C\fRx
|
|
Output columns are delimited by the single character \fIx\fP.
|
|
A missing \fIx\fP is taken to be `^I'.
|
|
.IP \fB\-S\fRx
|
|
Like \fB\-C\fR, but padded strings of \fIx\fP are delimiters.
|
|
.IP \fB\-t\fR
|
|
Fill in the rows of the output array using the columns of the
|
|
input array, that is, transpose the input while honoring any
|
|
.I rows
|
|
and
|
|
.I cols
|
|
specifications.
|
|
.IP \fB\-T\fR
|
|
Print the pure transpose of the input, ignoring any
|
|
.I rows
|
|
or
|
|
.I cols
|
|
specification.
|
|
.IP \fB\-k\fRN
|
|
Ignore the first \fIN\fR lines of input.
|
|
.IP \fB\-K\fRN
|
|
Like \fB\-k\fR, but print the ignored lines.
|
|
.IP \fB\-g\fRN
|
|
The gutter width (inter-column space), normally 2, is taken to be \fIN\fR.
|
|
.IP \fB\-G\fRN
|
|
The gutter width has \fIN\fR percent of the maximum
|
|
column width added to it.
|
|
.IP \fB\-e\fR
|
|
Consider each line of input as an array entry.
|
|
.IP \fB\-n\fR
|
|
On lines having fewer entries than the first line,
|
|
use null entries to pad out the line.
|
|
Normally, missing entries are taken from the next line of input.
|
|
.IP \fB\-y\fR
|
|
If there are too few entries to make up the output dimensions,
|
|
pad the output by recycling the input from the beginning.
|
|
Normally, the output is padded with blanks.
|
|
.IP \fB\-h\fR
|
|
Print the shape of the input array and do nothing else.
|
|
The shape is just the number of lines and the number of
|
|
entries on the first line.
|
|
.IP \fB\-H\fR
|
|
Like \fB\-h\fR, but also print the length of each line.
|
|
.IP \fB\-j\fR
|
|
Right adjust entries within columns.
|
|
.IP \fB\-w\fRN
|
|
The width of the display, normally 80, is taken to be the positive
|
|
integer \fIN\fP.
|
|
.IP \fB\-m\fR
|
|
Do not trim excess delimiters from the ends of the output array.
|
|
.PP
|
|
With no arguments,
|
|
.I rs
|
|
transposes its input, and assumes one array entry per input line
|
|
unless the first non-ignored line is longer than the display width.
|
|
Option letters which take numerical arguments interpret a missing
|
|
number as zero unless otherwise indicated.
|
|
.SH EXAMPLES
|
|
.de IC
|
|
.IP
|
|
.ss 36
|
|
.ft B
|
|
..
|
|
.de NC
|
|
.br
|
|
.ss 12
|
|
.PP
|
|
..
|
|
.I Rs
|
|
can be used as a filter to convert the stream output
|
|
of certain programs (e.g.,
|
|
.IR spell ,
|
|
.IR du ,
|
|
.IR file ,
|
|
.IR look ,
|
|
.IR nm ,
|
|
.IR who ,
|
|
and
|
|
.IR wc (1))
|
|
into a convenient ``window'' format, as in
|
|
.IC
|
|
who | rs
|
|
.NC
|
|
This function has been incorporated into the
|
|
.IR ls (1)
|
|
program, though for most programs with similar output
|
|
.I rs
|
|
suffices.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To convert stream input into vector output and back again, use
|
|
.IC
|
|
rs 1 0 | rs 0 1
|
|
.NC
|
|
A 10 by 10 array of random numbers from 1 to 100 and
|
|
its transpose can be generated with
|
|
.IC
|
|
jot \-r 100 | rs 10 10 | tee array | rs \-T > tarray
|
|
.NC
|
|
In the editor
|
|
.IR vi (1),
|
|
a file consisting of a multi-line vector with 9 elements per line
|
|
can undergo insertions and deletions,
|
|
and then be neatly reshaped into 9 columns with
|
|
.IC
|
|
:1,$!rs 0 9
|
|
.NC
|
|
Finally, to sort a database by the first line of each 4-line field, try
|
|
.IC
|
|
rs \-eC 0 4 | sort | rs \-c 0 1
|
|
.NC
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
jot(1), vi(1), sort(1), pr(1)
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
Handles only two dimensional arrays.
|
|
|
|
The algorithm currently reads the whole file into memory,
|
|
so files that do not fit in memory will not be reshaped.
|
|
|
|
Fields cannot be defined yet on character positions.
|
|
|
|
Re-ordering of columns is not yet possible.
|
|
|
|
There are too many options.
|