327 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
327 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
/*-
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* @(#)READ_ME 8.32 (Berkeley) 7/6/97
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*/
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SENDMAIL RELEASE 8
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This directory has the latest sendmail software from Berkeley. See
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doc/changes/changes.me for a summary of changes since 5.67.
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Report any bugs to sendmail-bugs@sendmail.ORG
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There is a web site at http://WWW.Sendmail.ORG -- see that site for
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the latest updates.
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******************************************************************
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** DO NOT USE MAKE to compile sendmail. Instead, cd src and **
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** use the "makesendmail" shell script. On many environments **
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** this will do everything for you, no fuss, no muss. See **
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** src/READ_ME for more details of compilation. See cf/README **
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** for details about building a runtime configuration file. **
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******************************************************************
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+--------------+
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| MANUAL PAGES |
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+--------------+
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The sendmail manual pages use contemporary Berkeley troff macros. If
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your system does not process these manual pages, you can pick up the
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new macros in a BSD Net/2 FTP site (e.g. on FTP.UU.NET, the files
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/systems/unix/bsd-sources/share/tmac/me/strip.sed and
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/systems/unix/bsd-sources/share/tmac/*).
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The strip.sed file is only used in installation.
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After installation, edit tmac.doc and tmac.andoc to reflect the
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installation path of the tmac files. Those files contain pointers to
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/usr/share/tmac/, and those pointers are not changed by the `make
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install` process. There's also a bug in those files -- make the
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following patch:
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*** tmac.an~ Tue Jul 12 14:29:09 1994
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--- tmac.an Fri Jul 15 13:17:54 1994
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***************
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*** 50,55 ****
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.de TH
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.rn TH xX
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.so /usr/share/lib/tmac/tmac.an.old
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! .TH \\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8
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.rm xX
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..
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--- 50,55 ----
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.de TH
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.rn TH xX
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.so /usr/share/lib/tmac/tmac.an.old
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! .TH "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8"
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.rm xX
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..
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Rename the existing tmac.an to be tmac.an.old, and rename tmac.andoc
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to be tmac.an.
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tmac.an will choose between tmac.an.old, your old macros, or tmac.doc,
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which are the new macros, so that both the new man pages and the
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existing man pages will be translated properly.
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I'm also told that the groff distribution from MIT has a tmac.doc
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macro set that is compatible with these macros.
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+-----------------------+
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| RELATED DOCUMENTATION |
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+-----------------------+
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There are other files you should read. Rooted in this directory are:
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CHANGES-R5-R8
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Describes changes between Release 5 and Release 8 of sendmail.
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There are some things that may behave somewhat differently.
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For example, the rules governing when :include: files will
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be read have been tightened up for security reasons.
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FAQ
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Answers to Frequently Asked Questions.
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KNOWNBUGS
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Known bugs in the current release. I try to keep this up
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to date -- get the latest version from FTP.CS.Berkeley.EDU
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in /ucb/sendmail/KNOWNBUGS.
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RELEASE_NOTES
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A detailed description of the changes in each version. This
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is quite long, but informative.
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src/READ_ME
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Details on compiling and installing sendmail.
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cf/README
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Details on configuring sendmail.
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doc/op/op.me
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The sendmail Installation & Operations Guide. Be warned: if
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you are running this off on SunOS or some other system with an
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old version of -me, you need to add the following macro to the
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macros:
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.de sm
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\s-1\\$1\\s0\\$2
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..
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This sets a word in a smaller pointsize.
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+--------------+
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| RELATED RFCS |
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+--------------+
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There are several related RFCs that you may wish to read -- they are
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available via anonymous FTP to several sites, including nic.ddn.mil
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(directory rfc), ftp.nisc.sri.com (rfc), nis.nsf.net (RFC),
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nisc.jvnc.net (rfc), venera.isi.edu (in-notes), and wuarchive.wustl.edu
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(info/rfc). They can also be retrieved via electronic mail by sending
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email to one of:
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mail-server@nisc.sri.com
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Put "send rfcNNN" in message body
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nis-info@nis.nsf.net
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Put "send RFCnnn.TXT-1" in message body
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sendrfc@jvnc.net
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Put "RFCnnn" as Subject: line
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Important RFCs for electronic mail are:
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RFC821 SMTP protocol
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RFC822 Mail header format
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RFC974 MX routing
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RFC976 UUCP mail format
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RFC1123 Host requirements (modifies 821, 822, and 974)
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RFC1413 Identification server
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RFC1869 SMTP Service Extensions (ESMTP spec)
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RFC1652 SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtransport
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RFC1870 SMTP Service Extension for Message Size Declaration
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RFC1521 MIME: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
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RFC1344 Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gateways
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RFC1428 Transition of Internet Mail from Just-Send-8 to
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8-bit SMTP/MIME
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RFC1891 SMTP Service Extension for Delivery Status Notifications
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RFC1892 Multipart/Report Content Type for the Reporting of
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Mail System Administrative Messages
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RFC1893 Enhanced Mail System Status Codes
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RFC1894 An Extensible Message Format for Delivery Status
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Notifications
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RFC1985 SMTP Service Extension for Remote Message Queue Starting
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Other standards that may be of interest (but which are less directly
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relevant to sendmail) are:
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RFC987 Mapping between RFC822 and X.400
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RFC1049 Content-Type header field (extension to RFC822)
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Warning to AIX users: this version of sendmail does not implement
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MB, MR, or MG DNS resource records, as defined (as experiments) in
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RFC1035.
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+-------------------+
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| DATABASE ROUTINES |
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+-------------------+
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IF YOU WANT TO RUN THE NEW BERKELEY DB SOFTWARE: **** DO NOT ****
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use the version that was on the Net2 tape -- it has a number of
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nefarious bugs that were bad enough when I got them; you shouldn't have
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to go through the same thing. Instead, get a new version via the web at
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http://www.sleepycat.com/packages/db.1.85.tar.gz. This software is
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highly recommended; it gets rid of several stupid limits, it's much
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faster, and the interface is nicer to animals and plants. You will
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also probably find that you have to add -I/where/you/put/db/include
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to the sendmail makefile to get db.h to work properly.
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Be sure you remove ndbm.h and ndbm.o from the db distribution. These
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will cause problems with sendmail because sendmail already understands
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about NEWDB and NDBM coexisting.
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+--------------------+
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| HOST NAME SERVICES |
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+--------------------+
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If you are using NIS or /etc/hosts, it is critical that you
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list the long (fully qualified) name somewhere (preferably first) in
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the /etc/hosts file used to build the NIS database. For example, the
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line should read
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128.32.149.68 mastodon.CS.Berkeley.EDU mastodon
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**** NOT ****
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128.32.149.68 mastodon
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If you do not include the long name, sendmail will complain loudly
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about ``unable to qualify my own domain name (mastodon) -- using
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short name'' and conclude that your canonical name is the short
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version and use that in messages. The name "mastodon" doesn't mean
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much outside of Berkeley, and so this creates incorrect and unreplyable
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messages.
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+-------------+
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| USE WITH MH |
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+-------------+
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This version of sendmail notices and reports certain kinds of SMTP
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protocol violations that were ignored by older versions. If you
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are running MH you may wish to install the patch in contrib/mh.patch
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that will prevent these warning reports. This patch also works
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with the old version of sendmail, so it's safe to go ahead and
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install it.
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+----------------+
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| USE WITH IDENT |
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+----------------+
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Sendmail 8 supports the IDENT protocol, as defined by RFC 1413.
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No ident server is included with this distribution. I have found
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copies available on:
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ftp.lysator.liu.se /pub/ident/servers
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romulus.ucs.uoknor.edu /networking/ident/servers
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ftp.cyf-kr.edu.pl /agh/uciagh/network/ident
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If you want to run an IDENT server, I suggest getting a copy from
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one of those sites. Versions are available for several different
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systems, including Apollo, BSD, NeXT, AIX, TOPS20, and VMS.
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+-----------+
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| MAKEFILES |
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+-----------+
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The Makefiles in this release use the new Berkeley "make" that is
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available in BSD Net/2 and 4.4BSD. If you are using this version
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of make, you may notice one or two places where the Makefile includes
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"../../Makefile.inc". This file is not included with the sendmail
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distribution because it's not part of sendmail. However, it is,
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in toto:
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# @(#)Makefile.inc 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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BINDIR?= /usr/sbin
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The other directories should all have Makefile.dist files that work
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on the old make, albeit without all the niceties included.
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You can also get a new Berkeley make from the Net2 release (available
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on many public FTP archives). This version should also interpret old
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Makefiles, so you could drop it in as your default make.
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For more details, see src/READ_ME.
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+-----------------------+
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| DIRECTORY PERMISSIONS |
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+-----------------------+
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Sendmail often gets blamed for many problems that are actually the
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result of other problems, such as overly permissive modes on directories.
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For this reason, sendmail checks the modes on system directories and
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files to determine if they have been trusted. For sendmail to run
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without complaining, you MUST execute the following command:
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chmod go-w / /etc /usr /var /var/spool /var/spool/mqueue
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You will probably have to tweak this for your environment (for example,
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some systems put the spool directory into /usr/spool instead of
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/var/spool). As a general rule, after you have compiled sendmail,
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run the command
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sendmail -v -bi
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to initialize the alias database. If it gives messages such as
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WARNING: writable directory /etc
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WARNING: writable directory /usr/spool/mqueue
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then the directories listed have inappropriate write permissions and
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should be secured to avoid various possible security attacks.
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+---------------------+
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| DIRECTORY STRUCTURE |
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+---------------------+
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The structure of this directory tree is:
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cf Source for Berkeley configuration files. These are
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different than what you've seen before. They are a
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fairly dramatic rewrite, requiring the new sendmail
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(since they use new features).
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contrib Some contributed tools to help with sendmail. THESE
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ARE NOT SUPPORTED by Berkeley -- contact the original
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authors if you have problems. (This directory is not
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on the 4.4BSD tape.)
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doc Documentation. If you are getting source, read
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op.me -- it's long, but worth it.
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mail.local The source for the local delivery agent used for 4.4BSD.
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THIS IS NOT PART OF SENDMAIL! and may not compile
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everywhere, since it depends on some 4.4-isms. Warning:
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it does mailbox locking differently than other systems.
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mailstats Statistics printing program. It has the pathname of
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sendmail.st compiled in, so if you've changed that,
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beware. This isn't all that useful.
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makemap A program that creates the keyed maps used by the $( ... $)
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construct in sendmail. It is primitive but effective.
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It takes a very simple input format, so you will probably
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expect to preprocess must human-convenient formats
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using sed scripts before this program will like them.
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But it should be functionally complete.
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praliases A program to print the DBM or NEWDB version of the
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aliases file.
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rmail Source for rmail(8). This is used as a delivery
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agent for for UUCP, and could presumably be used by
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other non-socket oriented mailers. Older versions of
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rmail are probably deficient. RMAIL IS NOT PART OF
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SENDMAIL!!! The 4.4BSD source is included for you to
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look at or try to port to your system. I know it doesn't
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compile on {SunOS, HP-UX, OSF/1, other} (pick one).
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smrsh The "sendmail restricted shell", which can be used as
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a replacement for /bin/sh in the prog mailer to provide
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increased security control. NOT PART OF SENDMAIL!
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src Source for the sendmail program itself.
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test Some test scripts (currently only for compilation aids).
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