280 lines
6.6 KiB
Groff
280 lines
6.6 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)termcap.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
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.\"
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.Dd December 11, 1993
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.Dt TERMCAP 3
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.Os BSD 4
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm tgetent ,
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.Nm tgetnum ,
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.Nm tgetflag ,
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.Nm tgetstr ,
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.Nm tgoto ,
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.Nm tputs ,
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.Nm tparm
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.Nd terminal independent operation routines
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <termcap.h>
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.Vt char PC;
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.Vt char *BC;
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.Vt char *UP;
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.Vt short ospeed;
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.Ft int
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.Fn tgetent "char *bp" "const char *name"
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.Ft int
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.Fn tgetnum "const char *id"
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.Ft int
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.Fn tgetflag "const char *id"
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.Ft char *
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.Fn tgetstr "const char *id" "char **area"
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.Ft char *
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.Fn tgoto "const char *cm" "int destcol" "int destline"
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.Ft int
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.Fn tputs "const char *cp" "int affcnt" "int (*outc)(char)"
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.Ft char *
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.Fn tparm "const char *cp" "..."
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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These functions extract and use capabilities from a terminal capability data
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base, usually
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.Pa /usr/share/misc/termcap ,
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the format of which is described in
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.Xr termcap 5 .
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These are low level routines;
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see
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.Xr curses 3
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for a higher level package.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tgetent
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function
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extracts the entry for terminal
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.Fa name
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into the buffer at
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.Fa bp .
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The
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.Fa bp
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argument
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should be a character buffer of size
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1024 and must be retained through all subsequent calls to
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.Fn tgetnum ,
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.Fn tgetflag ,
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and
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.Fn tgetstr .
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The
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.Fn tgetent
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function
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returns \-1 if none of the
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.Nm termcap
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data base files could be opened,
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0 if the terminal name given does not have an entry,
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and 1 if all goes well.
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It will look in the environment for a
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.Ev TERMCAP
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variable.
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If found, and the value does not begin with a slash,
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and the terminal type
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.Fa name
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is the same as the environment string
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.Ev TERM ,
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the
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.Ev TERMCAP
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string is used instead of reading a
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.Nm termcap
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file.
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If it does begin with a slash, the string is used as a path name
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of the
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.Nm termcap
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file to search.
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If
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.Ev TERMCAP
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does not begin with a slash and
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.Fa name
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is different from
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.Ev TERM ,
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.Fn tgetent
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searches the files
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.Pa $HOME/.termcap
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and
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.Pa /usr/share/misc/termcap ,
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in that order, unless the environment variable
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.Ev TERMPATH
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exists,
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in which case it specifies a list of file pathnames
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(separated by spaces or colons) to be searched instead.
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Whenever multiple files are searched and a
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.Sy tc
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field occurs in the requested entry, the entry it names must be found
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in the same file or one of the succeeding files.
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This can speed up entry into programs that call
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.Fn tgetent ,
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as well as help debug new terminal descriptions
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or make one for your terminal if you can't write the file
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.Pa /usr/share/misc/termcap .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tgetnum
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function
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gets the numeric value of capability
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.Fa id ,
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returning \-1 if it is not given for the terminal.
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The
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.Fn tgetflag
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function
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returns 1 if the specified capability is present in
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the terminal's entry, 0 if it is not.
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The
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.Fn tgetstr
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function
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returns the string value of the capability
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.Fa id ,
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places it in the buffer at
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.Fa area ,
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and advances the
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.Fa area
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pointer.
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It decodes the abbreviations for this field described in
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.Xr termcap 5 ,
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except for cursor addressing and padding information.
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The
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.Fn tgetstr
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function
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returns
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.Dv NULL
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if the capability was not found.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tgoto
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function
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returns a cursor addressing string decoded from
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.Fa cm
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to go to column
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.Fa destcol
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in line
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.Fa destline .
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It uses the external variables
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.Va UP
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(from the
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.Sy up
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capability)
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and
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.Va BC
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(if
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.Sy bc
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is given rather than
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.Sy bs )
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if necessary to avoid placing
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.Sy \en ,
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.Sy ^D
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or
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.Sy ^@
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in
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the returned string.
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(Programs which call
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.Fn tgoto
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should be sure to turn off the
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.Dv XTABS
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bit(s),
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since
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.Fn tgoto
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may now output a tab.
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Note that programs using termcap should in general turn off
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.Dv XTABS
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anyway since some terminals use control-I for other functions,
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such as nondestructive space.)
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If a
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.Sy %
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sequence is given which is not understood, then
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.Fn tgoto
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returns
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.Pq Dv OOPS .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tputs
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function
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decodes the leading padding information of the string
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.Fa cp ;
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.Fa affcnt
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gives the number of lines affected by the operation, or 1 if this is
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not applicable,
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.Fa outc
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is a routine which is called with each character in turn.
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The external variable
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.Va ospeed
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should contain the output speed of the terminal as encoded by
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.Xr stty 3 .
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The external variable
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.Va PC
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should contain a pad character to be used (from the
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.SY pc
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capability)
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if a null
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.Pq Sy ^@
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is inappropriate.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tparm
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function
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instantiates the string
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.Fa cp
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with given parameters.
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A pointer is returned which points to
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the result of
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.Fa cp
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with the parameters applied.
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If a
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.Sy %
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sequence is given which is not understood, then
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.Fn tparm
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returns
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.Pq Dv OOPS .
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/termcap -compact
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.It Pa /usr/lib/libtermcap.a
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.Fl l Ar ltermcap
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library (also known as
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.Fl l Ar ltermlib )
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.It Pa /usr/share/misc/termcap
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standard terminal capability data base
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.It Pa $HOME/.termcap
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user's terminal capability data base
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ex 1 ,
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.Xr curses 3 ,
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.Xr termcap 5
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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functions appeared in
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.Bx 4.0 .
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