async I/O's. The sequential read heuristic has been extended to
cover writes as well. We continue to call cluster_write() normally,
thus blocks in the file will still be reallocated for large (but still
random) I/O's, but I/O will only be initiated for truely sequential
writes.
This solves a number of annoying situations, especially with DBM (hash
method) writes, and also has the side effect of fixing a number of
(stupid) benchmarks.
Reviewed-by: mckusick
substitute BUF_WRITE(foo) for VOP_BWRITE(foo->b_vp, foo)
substitute BUF_STRATEGY(foo) for VOP_STRATEGY(foo->b_vp, foo)
This patch is machine generated except for the ccd.c and buf.h parts.
field in struct buf: b_iocmd. The b_iocmd is enforced to have
exactly one bit set.
B_WRITE was bogusly defined as zero giving rise to obvious coding
mistakes.
Also eliminate the redundant struct buf flag B_CALL, it can just
as efficiently be done by comparing b_iodone to NULL.
Should you get a panic or drop into the debugger, complaining about
"b_iocmd", don't continue. It is likely to write on your disk
where it should have been reading.
This change is a step in the direction towards a stackable BIO capability.
A lot of this patch were machine generated (Thanks to style(9) compliance!)
Vinum users: Greg has not had time to test this yet, be careful.
the unwary if the code were called in slightly different ways.
1) In ufs_bmaparray() the code for calculating 'runb' will stop one block
short of the first entry in an indirect block. i.e. if an indirect block
contains N block numbers b[0]..b[N-1] then the code will never check if
b[0] and b[1] are sequential. For reference, compare with the equivalent
code that deals with direct blocks.
2) In ufs_lookup() there is an off-by-one error in the test that checks
if dp->i_diroff is outside the range of the the current directory size.
This is completely harmless, since the following while-loop condition
'dp->i_offset < endsearch' is never met, so the code immediately
does a second pass starting at dp->i_offset = 0.
3) Again in ufs_lookup(), the condition in a sanity check is wrong
for directories that are longer than one block. This bug means that
the sanity check is only effective for small directories.
Submitted by: Ian Dowse <iedowse@maths.tcd.ie>
features (except for file types in directory entries, which will be
supported soon).
Centralized the magic number and compatibility checking.
Dropped support for ancient (pre-0.2b) filesystems, as in the Linux
version. Our "support" consisted of printing more details in the error
message before failing at mount time.
main changes are:
- many things are more dynamic; e.g., the inode size is a new parameter
in the superblock instead of a constant.
- extensions are controlled by new flags in the superblock.
- directory entries may have a file type field.
These changes are not used yet, except for a spelling change which affects
ext2_cnv.c
(mainly things that were lost or misformatted in a different way by
moving them to ext2_fs_i.h and back, and ifdefs for user mode that
were excessively edited).
to avoid the namespace problems caused by <ufs/ufs/inode.h> #defining
i_mode, etc.
ext2_fs_i.h had nothing to do with the Linux version. It was a small
part of the Linux version of ext2_fs.h (the part that declares extra
in-core fields for an inode). We don't need it because we use the
ufs in-core inode for the extra fields.
is an application space macro and the applications are supposed to be free
to use it as they please (but cannot). This is consistant with the other
BSD's who made this change quite some time ago. More commits to come.
Note: Previous commit to these files (except coda_vnops and devfs_vnops)
that claimed to remove WILLRELE from VOP_RENAME actually removed it from
VOP_MKNOD.
Correctly lock vnodes when calling VOP_OPEN() from filesystem mount code.
Unify spec_open() for bdev and cdev cases.
Remove the disabled bdev specific read/write code.
the soft updates changes: only report the link count to be i_effnlink
in ufs_getattr() for file systems that maintain i_effnlink.
Tested by: Mike Dracopoulos <mdraco@math.uoa.gr>
heuristic to detect sequential operation.
VM-related forced clustering code removed from ufs in preparation for a
commit to vm/vm_fault.c that does it more generally.
Reviewed by: David Greenman <dg@root.com>, Alan Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
Rename dev->si_bsize_max to si_iosize_max and set it in spec_open
if the device didn't.
Set vp->v_maxio from dev->si_bsize_max in spec_open rather than
in ufs_bmap.c
been set for a mount point. Insert missing checks to ensure that all
write operations are done asynchronously when the MNT_ASYNC option
has been requested.
Submitted by: Craig A Soules <soules+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Reviewed by: Kirk McKusick <mckusick@mckusick.com>
lockmgr locks. This commit should be functionally equivalent to the old
semantics. That is, all buffer locking is done with LK_EXCLUSIVE
requests. Changes to take advantage of LK_SHARED and LK_RECURSIVE will
be done in future commits.
The cdevsw_add() function now finds the major number(s) in the
struct cdevsw passed to it. cdevsw_add_generic() is no longer
needed, cdevsw_add() does the same thing.
cdevsw_add() will print an message if the d_maj field looks bogus.
Remove nblkdev and nchrdev variables. Most places they were used
bogusly. Instead check a dev_t for validity by seeing if devsw()
or bdevsw() returns NULL.
Move bdevsw() and devsw() functions to kern/kern_conf.c
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 400006
This commit removes:
72 bogus makedev() calls
26 bogus SYSINIT functions
if_xe.c bogusly accessed cdevsw[], author/maintainer please fix.
I4b and vinum not changed. Patches emailed to authors. LINT
probably broken until they catch up.
Made a new (inline) function devsw(dev_t dev) and substituted it.
Changed to the BDEV variant to this format as well: bdevsw(dev_t dev)
DEVFS will eventually benefit from this change too.
Virtualize bdevsw[] from cdevsw. bdevsw() is now an (inline)
function.
Join CDEV_MODULE and BDEV_MODULE to DEV_MODULE (please pay attention
to the order of the cmaj/bmaj arguments!)
Join CDEV_DRIVER_MODULE and BDEV_DRIVER_MODULE to DEV_DRIVER_MODULE
(ditto!)
(Next step will be to convert all bdev dev_t's to cdev dev_t's
before they get to do any damage^H^H^H^H^H^Hwork in the kernel.)
piecemeal, middle-of-file writes for NFS. These hacks have caused no
end of trouble, especially when combined with mmap(). I've removed
them. Instead, NFS will issue a read-before-write to fully
instantiate the struct buf containing the write. NFS does, however,
optimize piecemeal appends to files. For most common file operations,
you will not notice the difference. The sole remaining fragment in
the VFS/BIO system is b_dirtyoff/end, which NFS uses to avoid cache
coherency issues with read-merge-write style operations. NFS also
optimizes the write-covers-entire-buffer case by avoiding the
read-before-write. There is quite a bit of room for further
optimization in these areas.
The VM system marks pages fully-valid (AKA vm_page_t->valid =
VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) in several places, most noteably in vm_fault. This
is not correct operation. The vm_pager_get_pages() code is now
responsible for marking VM pages all-valid. A number of VM helper
routines have been added to aid in zeroing-out the invalid portions of
a VM page prior to the page being marked all-valid. This operation is
necessary to properly support mmap(). The zeroing occurs most often
when dealing with file-EOF situations. Several bugs have been fixed
in the NFS subsystem, including bits handling file and directory EOF
situations and buf->b_flags consistancy issues relating to clearing
B_ERROR & B_INVAL, and handling B_DONE.
getblk() and allocbuf() have been rewritten. B_CACHE operation is now
formally defined in comments and more straightforward in
implementation. B_CACHE for VMIO buffers is based on the validity of
the backing store. B_CACHE for non-VMIO buffers is based simply on
whether the buffer is B_INVAL or not (B_CACHE set if B_INVAL clear,
and vise-versa). biodone() is now responsible for setting B_CACHE
when a successful read completes. B_CACHE is also set when a bdwrite()
is initiated and when a bwrite() is initiated. VFS VOP_BWRITE
routines (there are only two - nfs_bwrite() and bwrite()) are now
expected to set B_CACHE. This means that bowrite() and bawrite() also
set B_CACHE indirectly.
There are a number of places in the code which were previously using
buf->b_bufsize (which is DEV_BSIZE aligned) when they should have
been using buf->b_bcount. These have been fixed. getblk() now clears
B_DONE on return because the rest of the system is so bad about
dealing with B_DONE.
Major fixes to NFS/TCP have been made. A server-side bug could cause
requests to be lost by the server due to nfs_realign() overwriting
other rpc's in the same TCP mbuf chain. The server's kernel must be
recompiled to get the benefit of the fixes.
Submitted by: Matthew Dillon <dillon@apollo.backplane.com>
This is a seriously beefed up chroot kind of thing. The process
is jailed along the same lines as a chroot does it, but with
additional tough restrictions imposed on what the superuser can do.
For all I know, it is safe to hand over the root bit inside a
prison to the customer living in that prison, this is what
it was developed for in fact: "real virtual servers".
Each prison has an ip number associated with it, which all IP
communications will be coerced to use and each prison has its own
hostname.
Needless to say, you need more RAM this way, but the advantage is
that each customer can run their own particular version of apache
and not stomp on the toes of their neighbors.
It generally does what one would expect, but setting up a jail
still takes a little knowledge.
A few notes:
I have no scripts for setting up a jail, don't ask me for them.
The IP number should be an alias on one of the interfaces.
mount a /proc in each jail, it will make ps more useable.
/proc/<pid>/status tells the hostname of the prison for
jailed processes.
Quotas are only sensible if you have a mountpoint per prison.
There are no privisions for stopping resource-hogging.
Some "#ifdef INET" and similar may be missing (send patches!)
If somebody wants to take it from here and develop it into
more of a "virtual machine" they should be most welcome!
Tools, comments, patches & documentation most welcome.
Have fun...
Sponsored by: http://www.rndassociates.com/
Run for almost a year by: http://www.servetheweb.com/
1:
s/suser/suser_xxx/
2:
Add new function: suser(struct proc *), prototyped in <sys/proc.h>.
3:
s/suser_xxx(\([a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)->p_ucred, \&\1->p_acflag)/suser(\1)/
The remaining suser_xxx() calls will be scrutinized and dealt with
later.
There may be some unneeded #include <sys/cred.h>, but they are left
as an exercise for Bruce.
More changes to the suser() API will come along with the "jail" code.
lives in ext2_vnops.c for ext2fs. Also remove cast from comparision.
Bruce pointed out that it was bogus since we'd force a signed
comparision when we really wanted an unsigned comparison.
MNT_WAIT when we mean boolean `true' or check for that value not being
passed. There was no problem in practice because MNT_WAIT had the
magic value of 1.
They checked for the magic major number for the "device" behind mfs
mount points. Use a more obvious check for this device.
Debugged by: Andrew Gallatin <gallatin@cs.duke.edu>
but when i_effnlink was added to support soft updates, there was only
room for 4 spares. The number of spares was not reduced, so the inode
size became 260 (on i386's), or 512 after rounding up by malloc().
Use one spare field in `struct dinode' instead of the 5th spare field
in the inode and reduced to 4 spares in the inode so that the size is
256 again.
Changed the types of the spares in the inode from int to u_int32_t
so that the inode size has more chance of being <= 256 under other
arches, and downdated ext2fs to match (it was broken to use ints
before rev.1.1).
an ext2fs file system is mounted. The soft update changes added
a check for B_DELWRI buffers. This exposed the complete brokenness
of the previous quick fix for failing syncs (PR 3571, committed on
1997/08/04). Use a new buffer flag B_DIRTY and don't abuse B_DELWRI.
B_DIRTY buffers are still written too late, as broken in the previous
fix. This is fairly harmless, because B_DIRTY is only used for
bitmap buffers and fsck.ext2 can fix up the bitmaps perfectly.
Fixed a race in ULCK_BUF() (bremfree() was outside of the splbio()
section).
syncs weren't optimized properly (they probably still aren't, but are bug
for bug compatible with ffs). These fixes are mostly academic, since
ext2fs is too broken to mount read-write (it apparently doesn't clear
indirect blocks).
Obtained from: mostly from Lite2
Fixes for bugs not shared with ffs:
- don't mount unclean filesystems rw unless forced to.
- accept EXT2_ERROR_FS (treat it like !EXT2_VALID_FS). We still don't set
this or honour the maximal mount count.
- don't attempt to print the name of the mount point when mounting an
unclean file system, since the name of the previous mount point is
unknown and the name of the current mount point is still "".
Fixes for bugs shared with ffs until recently:
- don't set the clean flag on unmount of an initially-unclean filesystem
that was (forcibly) mounted rw.
- set the clean flag on rw -> ro update of a mounted initially-clean
filesystem.
- fixed some style bugs (mostly long lines).
The fixes are slightly simpler than for ffs, because the relevant on-disk
state is not a simple boolean variable, and the superblock has a core-only
extension.
Obtained from: parts from ffs_vfsops.c, parts from NetBSD
surprisingly few problems. Most fields were initialized to the
correct values by bzero(), but lk_prio was 0 instead of PINOD (=8),
the lk_wmsg was NULL instead of "ext2in", and lk_lockholder was 0
instead of -1.
Obtained from: Lite2 via the -current ffs_vfsops.c
references to them.
The change a couple of days ago to ignore these numbers in statically
configured vfsconf structs was slightly premature because the cd9660,
cfs, devfs, ext2fs, nfs vfs's still used MOUNT_* instead of the number
in their vfsconf struct.
clustering is obsolescent technology so hardly anyone noticed. On
a DORS 32160 SCSI drive with 4 tags, read clustering makes very
little difference even for huge sequential reads. However, on a
ZIP SCSI drive with 0 tags, the minimum overhead per block is about
40 msec, so very large clusters must be used to get anywhere near
the maximum transfer rate. Using clusters consisting of 1 8K block
reduces the transfer rate to about 250K/sec. Under msdosfs, missing
read clustering is normal and a cluster size of 1 512 byte block
reduces the transfer rate to about 25K/sec.
Broken in: rev.1.18
as the value in b_vp is often not really what you want.
(and needs to be frobbed). more cleanups will follow this.
Reviewed by: Bruce Evans <bde@freebsd.org>
as possible (when the inode is reclaimed). Temporarily only do
this if option UFS_LAZYMOD configured and softupdates aren't enabled.
UFS_LAZYMOD is intentionally left out of /sys/conf/options.
This is mainly to avoid almost useless disk i/o on battery powered
machines. It's silly to write to disk (on the next sync or when the
inode becomes inactive) just because someone hit a key or something
wrote to the screen or /dev/null.
PR: 5577
Previous version reviewed by: phk
in ufs_setattr() so that there is no need to pass timestamps to
UFS_UPDATE() (everything else just needs the current time). Ignore
the passed-in timestamps in UFS_UPDATE() and always call ufs_itimes()
(was: itimes()) to do the update. The timestamps are still passed
so that all the callers don't need to be changed yet.
by hacking on locked buffers without getblk()ing them, and we didn't
even use splbio() to prevent biodone() changing the buffer underneath
use when a write completes. I think there was no problem in practice
on i386's because the operations on b_flags and numdirtybufs happen to
be atomic. We still depend on biodone()'s operations on b_flags not
interfering with ours. I think there is only interference for B_ERROR,
and this is harmless because errors for async writes are ignored anyway.
Don't use mark_buffer_dirty() except for superblock-related metadata.
It was used in just one case where ordinary BSD buffering is more
natural.
to not using splbio(), and has rotted a little. The races were
probably harmless in practice because this function was only used
for superblock updates, and separate superblock updates are probably
prevented from running into each other by doing part of the update
synchronously.
Don't forget to clear the inode hash lock before returning from ext2_vget()
after getnewvnode() fails. Obtained from: rev.1.24 of ffs_vfsops.c (the
original patch for the getnewvnode() race). Forgotten in: rev.1.4 here.
Removed a duplicate comment. Duplicated in: rev.1.4 here.
Fixed the MALLOC() vs getnewvnode() race in ext2_vget(). Obtained from:
rev.1.39 of ffs_vfsops.c.
---------
Make callers of namei() responsible for releasing references or locks
instead of having the underlying filesystems do it. This eliminates
redundancy in all terminal filesystems and makes it possible for stacked
transport layers such as umapfs or nullfs to operate correctly.
Quality testing was done with testvn, and lat_fs from the lmbench suite.
Some NFS client testing courtesy of Patrik Kudo.
vop_mknod and vop_symlink still release the returned vpp. vop_rename
still releases 4 vnode arguments before it returns. These remaining cases
will be corrected in the next set of patches.
---------
Submitted by: Michael Hancock <michaelh@cet.co.jp>
Reverse the VFS_VRELE patch. Reference counting of vnodes does not need
to be done per-fs. I noticed this while fixing vfs layering violations.
Doing reference counting in generic code is also the preference cited by
John Heidemann in recent discussions with him.
The implementation of alternative vnode management per-fs is still a valid
requirement for some filesystems but will be revisited sometime later,
most likely using a different framework.
Submitted by: Michael Hancock <michaelh@cet.co.jp>
"time" wasn't a atomic variable, so splfoo() protection were needed
around any access to it, unless you just wanted the seconds part.
Most uses of time.tv_sec now uses the new variable time_second instead.
gettime() changed to getmicrotime(0.
Remove a couple of unneeded splfoo() protections, the new getmicrotime()
is atomic, (until Bruce sets a breakpoint in it).
A couple of places needed random data, so use read_random() instead
of mucking about with time which isn't random.
Add a new nfs_curusec() function.
Mark a couple of bogosities involving the now disappeard time variable.
Update ffs_update() to avoid the weird "== &time" checks, by fixing the
one remaining call that passwd &time as args.
Change profiling in ncr.c to use ticks instead of time. Resolution is
the same.
Add new function "tvtohz()" to avoid the bogus "splfoo(), add time, call
hzto() which subtracts time" sequences.
Reviewed by: bde
They are atomic, but return in essence what is in the "time" variable.
gettime() is now a macro front for getmicrotime().
Various patches to use the two new functions instead of the various
hacks used in their absence.
Some puntuation and grammer patches from Bruce.
A couple of XXX comments.
